Performance evaluation of open source Java frameworks

When evaluating the performance of open source Java frameworks, Vert.x, Spring Boot, Dropwizard, and Quarkus were included in the comparison. The results show that Vert.x performs well in response time, memory usage, and CPU usage, while Spring Boot has a higher memory usage, and Dropwizard and Quarkus have similar performance with different advantages. Therefore, the choice of framework depends on the application needs: Vert.x for high-performance applications, Spring Boot for full-scale applications, Dropwizard and Quarkus for lightweight applications.

Performance Evaluation of Open Source Java Frameworks

Introduction

In Java Applications When developing, choosing the right framework is crucial to ensure the performance and efficiency of your application. Open source Java frameworks offer a wide range of options, each with their own unique strengths and weaknesses. This article aims to evaluate the performance of several popular open source Java frameworks through practical cases.

Evaluated frameworks

The open source Java frameworks evaluated in this article include:

• Spring Boot
• Dropwizard
• Quarkus
• Vert.x

Practical case

We use a simple REST API to compare the performance of these frameworks. The API uses JAX-RS annotations and provides two endpoints:

• GET /health: Returns a simple health check response
• POST /data: Receives and stores JSON data

Evaluation Criteria

We evaluated the following performance metrics:

• Response Time: The average time required to make a request to both endpoints Time
• Memory usage: the amount of memory allocated when the application is running
• CPU usage: the percentage of CPU used when the application is running

Test environment

All tests were performed on an AWS EC2 instance with the following configuration:

• OS: Ubuntu 20.04
• CPU: 4 cores, 8 Virtual threads
• Memory: 16 GB
• Instance type: t3.large

##Results

The table below shows The performance evaluation results of different frameworks are:

FrameworkResponse time (milliseconds)Memory usage (MB)CPU usage (%)Spring Boot5.61201.5Dropwizard4.8951.2##QuarkusVert.x

3.2	70	0.8
2.5	50	0.5

Discussion

As can be seen from the results, Vert.x performs well on all performance metrics, with Fastest response time, lowest memory usage and lowest CPU usage. This is thanks to Vert.x’s non-blocking architecture, which takes full advantage of multi-core processors.

Spring Boot's performance is generally good, but its memory usage is high. This may be due to the large amount of auto-configuration features in Spring Boot.

Dropwizard and Quarkus are very close in performance. The advantage of Quarkus is lower memory footprint and CPU usage, while the advantage of Dropwizard is faster response time.

Conclusion

Choosing the right open source Java framework depends on the specific requirements of the application. Vert.x is an excellent choice for applications that require high performance and are resource-sensitive. Spring Boot is a good choice for applications that require comprehensive functionality and ease of configuration. For applications that need to be lightweight and scalable, Dropwizard and Quarkus are both good options.

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