Comparative analysis of the composition of embedded linux systems and application systems

Introduction to Embedded Systems

Usually defined: a special computer system that is application-centered, based on computer technology, with tailorable software and hardware, and adapts to the strict requirements of application systems on function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption, etc.

Broadly speaking: Any dedicated hardware system with a microprocessor can be called an embedded system (smart watch wristbands, walkie-talkies, car notebooks, microwave ovens, routers, etc.). The core of the concept is customizability.

Composition of embedded systems

Embedded systems are summarized from a broad perspective: software (microcontroller program, Vxwork, linux system, etc.) + hardware (C51, STM32, ARM, power, memory, flash, etc.).

Embedded systems can be divided into those with operating systems (Linux) and those without operating systems (microcontroller programs or stm32 programs). I can control peripherals without an operating system. Why use an operating system?

The operating system seems to be a computer management control program that can provide process management, video memory management, device control, Linux command detailed dictionary, file system and network functions, etc. Compared with embedded systems without operating systems, the latter can implement more complex functions and perform more tasks more efficiently, such as our mobile phones. Therefore, Practical Development of Embedded Linux SystemsPractical Development of Embedded Linux Systems, when you need to use more complex functions and handle more tasks, you need to use the operating system.

A complete embedded system is usually defined into three levels:

Comparison between embedded systems and X86-based computer systems:

winoperating system

BIOS=>win system (win7, win10)=>File system, driver=>Application

linux system

bootloader (commonly used uboot) =>linux kernel=>file system, driver=>application.

Main work of embedded linux system development

System transplantation and tailoring: The definition of an embedded system is that the software and hardware can be tailored. How to install LINUX. In actual projects, there are strict requirements on the frame rate and storage of the product, so it will involve streamlining and slimming down the complete Linux system. Saving storage and improving efficiency is called system transplantation and tailoring. This work requires very familiarity with the Linux kernel.

Linux driver development: Driver development for various peripherals in embedded products requires not only understanding software, but also needing to be familiar with Linux kernel code and hardware-related knowledge.

Embedded application development: Calling the Linux system call socket to develop applications based on the Linux system only requires the accumulation of LinuxC language knowledge.

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