以正方教务系统为例，用php模拟登陆抓取课表、空教室，抓取课表
- WBOYOriginal
- 2016-06-13 09:04:121279browse
以正方教务系统为例，用php模拟登陆抓取课表、空教室，抓取课表
课程格子和超级课程表这两个应用，想必大学生都很熟悉，使用自己的学号和教务系统的密码，就可以将自己的课表导入，随时随地都可以在手机上查看。
其实稍微了解一点php的话，我们也可以做一个类似这样的web 应用。
1，解决掉验证码
其实这是正方的一个小bug，当我们进入登陆界面时，浏览器会去请求服务器，服务器会生成一个验证码图片。如果我们不去请求这个图片，那么正方后台也不会生成相应的 验证码，于是这样我们就有了可乘之机，让我高兴会儿~这时，我们在不填写验证码的情况下，可以很流畅的进入。大家可以在自己的电脑上禁止访问验证码的地址，然后试试这 是不是真的~当然，这只对正方有效。
2，php 的curl 模拟登陆
这里直接贴一个脚本之家对 curl 的讲解吧 http://www.jb51.net/article/51299.htm
接下来就是相关代码了，相信很多人和我一样，只喜欢看例子，对于长篇大论的讲解，转头就走……不过这个习惯还是不好……废话不多说！
//模拟登陆
function curl_request($url,$post='',$cookie='', $returnCookie=0){
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/6.0)');
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_REFERER, "这里一定要换成教务系统登陆的url"); //填写教务系统url
if($post) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($post));
}
if($cookie) {
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIE, $cookie);
}
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, $returnCookie);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 20);
curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
$data = curl_exec($curl);
if (curl_errno($curl)) {
return curl_error($curl);
}
curl_close($curl);
if($returnCookie){
list($header, $body) = explode("\r\n\r\n", $data, 2);
preg_match_all("/Set\-Cookie:([^;]*);/", $header, $matches);
$info['cookie'] = substr($matches[1][0], 1);
$info['content'] = $body;
return $info;
}else{
return $data;
}
}
3，教务系统登陆页面的隐藏字段
举个栗子
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="dDwyODE2NTM0OTg7Oz61eIbnKVojBioGYtg2vsy2SklwiA==">
这些东西在登陆的时候也是需要带上的，顺便贴出函数，顺便暴漏了博主的学校……皇家种地大学（主要是正则表达式的运用）
<br /> //登陆页面的隐藏字段<br /> function getView(){
$url = 'http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/default2.aspx';
$result = curl_request($url);
$pattern = '/<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="(.*?)" \/>/is';
preg_match_all($pattern, $result, $matches);
$res[0] = $matches[1][0];
return $res[0] ;
}
//返回教室查询页面的隐藏值
private function getViewJs($cookie,$xh){
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xxjsjy.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie);
$pattern = '//is';
preg_match_all($pattern, $result, $matches);
$res[0] = $matches[1][0];
return $res[0] ;
}
4，cookie 的获取
function login($xh,$pwd){
$url = 'http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/default2.aspx';
$post['__VIEWSTATE'] = $this->getView();
$post['txtUserName'] = $xh; //填写学号
$post['TextBox2'] = $pwd; //填写密码
$post['txtSecretCode'] = '';
$post['lbLanguage'] = '';
$post['hidPdrs'] = '';
$post['hidsc'] = '';
$post['RadioButtonList1'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '学生');
$post['Button1'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '登录');
$result = curl_request($url,$post,'', 1);
return $result['cookie'];
}
5，让我们来试试查课表的功能，格式有点乱额，大家凑合着看，我把课表转成了一个二维关联数组
//返回课表字符串
private function classresult($xh,$pwd){
date_default_timezone_set("PRC"); //时区设置
$classList = "";//声明课表变量
$cookie = $this->login($xh,$pwd);
$view = $this->getViewJs($cookie,$xh);//验证密码是否正确
//如果密码正确
if (!empty($view)) {
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xskbcx.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie); //保存的cookies
preg_match_all('/<table id="Table1"[\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/table>/',$result,$out);
$table = $out[0][0]; //获取整个课表
preg_match_all('/<td [\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/td>/',$table,$out);
$td = $out[1];
$length = count($td);
//获得课程列表
for ($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$td[$i] = str_replace("<br>", "", $td[$i]);
$reg = "/{(.*)}/";
if (!preg_match_all($reg, $td[$i], $matches)) {
unset($td[$i]);
}
}
$td = array_values($td); //将课程列表数组重新索引
$tdLength = count($td);
for ($i=0; $i < $tdLength; $i++) {
$td[$i] = iconv('GB2312','UTF-8',$td[$i]);
}
//将课表转换成数组形式
function converttoTable($table){
$list = array(
'sun' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'mon' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'tues' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'wed' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'thur' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'fri' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
),
'sat' => array(
'1,2' => '',
'3,4' => '',
'5,6' => '',
'7,8' => '',
'9,10' => ''
)
);
$week = array("sun"=>"周日","mon"=>"周一","tues"=>"周二","wed"=>"周三","thur"=>"周四","fri"=>"周五","sat"=>"周六");
$order = array('1,2','3,4','5,6','7,8','9,10');
foreach ($table as $key => $value) {
$class = $value;
foreach ($week as $key => $weekDay) {
$pos = strpos($class,$weekDay);
// echo $pos;
if ($pos) {
$weekArrayDay = $key; //获取list数组中的第一维key
foreach ($order as $key => $orderClass) {
$pos = strpos($class,$orderClass);
if ($pos) {
$weekArrayOrder = $orderClass; //获取该课程是第几节
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
$list[$weekArrayDay][$weekArrayOrder] = $class;
}
return $list;
}
//调用函数
return converttoTable($td);
}else{
return 0;
}
}
6，再试试查询空教室的功能
//空教室查询结果
public function roomresult(){
$xh = ""; //设置学号
$pwd = ""; //学号对应的密码
$cookie = $this->login($xh,$pwd);
$url = "http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xs_main.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$result = curl_request($url,'',$cookie); //保存的cookies
$url="http://jw.hzau.edu.cn/xxjsjy.aspx?xh={$xh}";
$post['Button2'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '空教室查询');
$post['__EVENTARGUMENT']='';
$post['__EVENTTARGET']='';
$post['__VIEWSTATE'] = $this->getViewJs($cookie,$xh);
$post['ddlDsz'] = iconv('utf-8', 'gb2312', '单');
$post['ddlSyXn'] = '2014-2015'; //学年
$post['ddlSyxq'] = '1';
$post['jslb'] = '';
$post['xiaoq'] = '';
$post['kssj']=$_GET['start']; //提交的开始查询时间
$post['sjd']=$_GET['class'];//提交的课程节次
$post['xn']='2014-2015';//所在学年
$post['xq']='2';//所在学期
$post['xqj']='6';//当天星期几
$post['dpDataGrid1:txtPageSize']=90;//每页显示条数
$result = curl_request($url,$post,$cookie,0);
preg_match_all('/<span[^>]+>[^>]+span>/',$result,$out);
$tip = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $out[0][3]);//获取页面前部的提示内容
preg_match_all('/<table[\w\W]*?>([\w\W]*?)<\/table>/',$result,$out);
$table = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $out[0][0]); //获取查询列表
$this->load->view("classroom",array('tip'=>$tip,'table'=>$table));
}
总结起来就是这些了，每个学校的教务系统都不尽相同，这时我们可以借助火狐浏览器的 firebug 抓包，看看到底提交了哪些东西。如果不成功，要看看自己该提交的东西post 上去了没有，如果再不成功，额……可以联系我 imzhongshan@126.com
就这些了，赶快去试试吧！
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