一、ConfigParser简介
ConfigParser 是用来读取配置文件的包。配置文件的格式如下:中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。section 下面为类似于key-value 的配置内容。
[db]
db_host = 127.0.0.1
db_port = 22
db_user = root
db_pass = rootroot
[concurrent]
thread = 10
processor = 20
中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。紧接着section 为类似于key-value 的options 的配置内容。
二、ConfigParser 初始工作
使用ConfigParser 首选需要初始化实例,并读取配置文件:
cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
cf.read("配置文件名")
三、ConfigParser 常用方法
1. 获取所有sections。也就是将配置文件中所有“[ ]”读取到列表中:
s = cf.sections()
print 'section:', s
将输出(以下将均以简介中配置文件为例):
section: ['db', 'concurrent']
2. 获取指定section 的options。即将配置文件某个section 内key 读取到列表中:
o = cf.options("db")
print 'options:', o
将输出:
options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']
3. 获取指定section 的配置信息。
v = cf.items("db")
print 'db:', v
将输出:
db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'rootroot')]
4. 按照类型读取指定section 的option 信息。
同样的还有getfloat、getboolean。
#可以按照类型读取出来
db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")
db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")
db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")
db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")
# 返回的是整型的
threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")
processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")
print "db_host:", db_host
print "db_port:", db_port
print "db_user:", db_user
print "db_pass:", db_pass
print "thread:", threads
print "processor:", processors
将输出:
db_host: 127.0.0.1
db_port: 22
db_user: root
db_pass: rootroot
thread: 10
processor: 20
5. 设置某个option 的值。(记得最后要写回)
cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
6.添加一个section。(同样要写回)
cf.add_section('liuqing')
cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15')
cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true')
cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415')
cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')
cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python')
cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要进行了修改就要写回的哦)
cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')
cf.remove_section('liuqing')
cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
#!/usr/bin/env python
from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
CONFIGFILE="f.txt"
config=ConfigParser()
config.read(CONFIGFILE)
print config.get('messages','greeting')
radius=input(config.get('messages','questions')+' ')
print config.get('messages','result')
print config.getfloat('numbers','pi')*radius**2
s=config.sections()
print'section: ',s
o=config.options('messages')
print'messages option: ',o
v=config.items("messages")
print'message de xinxi: ',v
config.add_section('liuyang1')
config.set('liuyang1','int','15')
config.set('liuyang'1,'hhhh','hello world')
config.write(open("f.txt","w"))
print config.get('liuyang1','int')
print config.get('liuyang1','hhhh')
#!/usr/bin/env python
import ConfigParser
import sys
config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
config.add_section("book1")
config.set("book1","title","hello world")
config.set("book1","aut","log")
config.write(open("f.txt","w"))

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