Discussion on the problem of javascript self-starting function_javascript skills

Not much to say.

Let’s look at two pieces of code first:

Copy the code The code is as follows:

var elems = document.getElementsByTagName('a');

for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i ) {

alert(i);
elems[i].addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
alert('I am link #' i);
}, 'false');
}

Look at it again:

Copy the code The code is as follows:

var elems = document.getElementsByTagName('a');

for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i ) {

(function(index ){
elems[i].addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
alert('I am link #' index);
}, ' false');
})(i);
}

HTML code is as follows:

Copy code The code is as follows:

a
a
a
a
a
a
a
a

You can imagine the effect of the two script codes before and after.

If you can see the difference in effect, congratulations. At least I thought about it for a long time before I understood the mystery behind it.

Yes. You read that right, the first piece of code here, no matter which link you click, the output is I am link # 8.

The second piece of code is the result you really want, then Why.

Look at the code below:

Copy the code The code is as follows:

var elems = document.getElementsByTagName('a');

for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i ) {

alert(i);
elems[ i].addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
alert('I am link #' i);
//Note that the callback function here only triggers
//Same, the value of i here also changes at the end of the loop
}, 'false');

//The reason is
//Although elems[i] here is a referenced element
//but i in the callback function has changed to 8 after the loop ends
//(if the length of elems is 8)
}

Copy code The code is as follows:

var elems = document. getElementsByTagName('a');

for (var i = 0; i < elems.length; i ) {

(function(index){
elems[i]. addEventListener('click', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
alert('I am link #' index);
}, 'false');
})( i);
//This is different
//Although the value of i becomes 8 after the loop ends
//But the index encapsulated in the closure is indeed locked.
//Always saved in memory.
//To be precise, the entire function should be locked in memory.

}

Some knowledge of javascript closures may be required here.

I have thought about the above code for a long time and recorded it to prevent forgetting.