最近在使用python做接口测试,发现python中http请求方法有许多种,今天抽点时间把相关内容整理,分享给大家,具体内容如下所示:
一、python自带库----urllib2
python自带库urllib2使用的比较多,简单使用如下:
import urllib2 response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/jenkins/api/json?pretty=true') print response.read()
简单的get请求
import urllib2 import urllib post_data = urllib.urlencode({}) response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/, post_data) print response.read() print response.getheaders()
这就是最简单的urllib2发送post例子。代码比较多
二、python自带库--httplib
httplib是一个相对底层的http请求模块,urlib就是基于httplib封装的。简单使用如下:
import httplib conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org") conn.request("GET", "/index.html") r1 = conn.getresponse() print r1.status, r1.reason data1 = r1.read() conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam") r2 = conn.getresponse() data2 = r2.read() conn.close()
简单的get请求
我们再来看post请求
import httplib, urllib params = urllib.urlencode({'@number': 12524, '@type': 'issue', '@action': 'show'}) headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"} conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("bugs.python.org") conn.request("POST", "", params, headers) response = conn.getresponse() data = response.read() print data conn.close()
是不是觉得太复杂了。每次写还得再翻文档,看看第三种吧
三、第三方库--requests
发请get请求超级简单:
print requests.get('http://localhost:8080).text
就一句话,再来看看post请求
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'} r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload) print r.text
也很简单。
再看看如果要认证:
url = 'http://localhost:8080' r = requests.post(url, data={}, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print r.status_code print r.headers print r.reason
是不是比urllib2更简单多了吧,且requests自带json解析。这点非常棒
python中的http请求
import urllib params = urllib.urlencode({key:value,key:value}) resultHtml = urllib.urlopen('[API or 网址]',params) result = resultHtml.read() print result

TomergelistsinPython,youcanusethe operator,extendmethod,listcomprehension,oritertools.chain,eachwithspecificadvantages:1)The operatorissimplebutlessefficientforlargelists;2)extendismemory-efficientbutmodifiestheoriginallist;3)listcomprehensionoffersf

In Python 3, two lists can be connected through a variety of methods: 1) Use operator, which is suitable for small lists, but is inefficient for large lists; 2) Use extend method, which is suitable for large lists, with high memory efficiency, but will modify the original list; 3) Use * operator, which is suitable for merging multiple lists, without modifying the original list; 4) Use itertools.chain, which is suitable for large data sets, with high memory efficiency.

Using the join() method is the most efficient way to connect strings from lists in Python. 1) Use the join() method to be efficient and easy to read. 2) The cycle uses operators inefficiently for large lists. 3) The combination of list comprehension and join() is suitable for scenarios that require conversion. 4) The reduce() method is suitable for other types of reductions, but is inefficient for string concatenation. The complete sentence ends.

PythonexecutionistheprocessoftransformingPythoncodeintoexecutableinstructions.1)Theinterpreterreadsthecode,convertingitintobytecode,whichthePythonVirtualMachine(PVM)executes.2)TheGlobalInterpreterLock(GIL)managesthreadexecution,potentiallylimitingmul

Key features of Python include: 1. The syntax is concise and easy to understand, suitable for beginners; 2. Dynamic type system, improving development speed; 3. Rich standard library, supporting multiple tasks; 4. Strong community and ecosystem, providing extensive support; 5. Interpretation, suitable for scripting and rapid prototyping; 6. Multi-paradigm support, suitable for various programming styles.

Python is an interpreted language, but it also includes the compilation process. 1) Python code is first compiled into bytecode. 2) Bytecode is interpreted and executed by Python virtual machine. 3) This hybrid mechanism makes Python both flexible and efficient, but not as fast as a fully compiled language.

Useaforloopwheniteratingoverasequenceorforaspecificnumberoftimes;useawhileloopwhencontinuinguntilaconditionismet.Forloopsareidealforknownsequences,whilewhileloopssuitsituationswithundeterminediterations.

Pythonloopscanleadtoerrorslikeinfiniteloops,modifyinglistsduringiteration,off-by-oneerrors,zero-indexingissues,andnestedloopinefficiencies.Toavoidthese:1)Use'i


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools
