用python来自动生成excel数据文件。python处理excel文件主要是第三方模块库xlrd、xlwt、xluntils和pyExcelerator,除此之外,python处理excel还可以用win32com和openpyxl模块。
方法一:
小罗问我怎么从excel中读取数据,然后我百了一番,做下记录
excel数据图(小罗说数据要给客户保密,我随手写了几行数据):
python读取excel文件代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # 读取excel数据 # 小罗的需求,取第二行以下的数据,然后取每行前13列的数据 import xlrd data = xlrd.open_workbook('test.xls') # 打开xls文件 table = data.sheets()[0] # 打开第一张表 nrows = table.nrows # 获取表的行数 for i in range(nrows): # 循环逐行打印 if i == 0: # 跳过第一行 continue print table.row_values(i)[:13] # 取前十三列
excel的写操作等后面用到的时候在做记录
方法二:
使用xlrd读取文件,使用xlwt生成Excel文件(可以控制Excel中单元格的格式)。但是用xlrd读取excel是不能对其进行操作的;而xlwt生成excel文件是不能在已有的excel文件基础上进行修改的,如需要修改文件就要使用xluntils模块。pyExcelerator模块与xlwt类似,也可以用来生成excel文件。
1. [代码]test_xlrd.py
#coding=utf-8 ####################################################### #filename:test_xlrd.py #author:defias #date:xxxx-xx-xx #function:读excel文件中的数据 ####################################################### import xlrd #打开一个workbook workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('E:\\Code\\Python\\testdata.xls') #抓取所有sheet页的名称 worksheets = workbook.sheet_names() print('worksheets is %s' %worksheets) #定位到sheet1 worksheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet1') """ #通过索引顺序获取 worksheet1 = workbook.sheets()[0] #或 worksheet1 = workbook.sheet_by_index(0) """ """ #遍历所有sheet对象 for worksheet_name in worksheets: worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(worksheet_name) """ #遍历sheet1中所有行row num_rows = worksheet1.nrows for curr_row in range(num_rows): row = worksheet1.row_values(curr_row) print('row%s is %s' %(curr_row,row)) #遍历sheet1中所有列col num_cols = worksheet1.ncols for curr_col in range(num_cols): col = worksheet1.col_values(curr_col) print('col%s is %s' %(curr_col,col)) #遍历sheet1中所有单元格cell for rown in range(num_rows): for coln in range(num_cols): cell = worksheet1.cell_value(rown,coln) print cell """ #其他写法: cell = worksheet1.cell(rown,coln).value print cell #或 cell = worksheet1.row(rown)[coln].value print cell #或 cell = worksheet1.col(coln)[rown].value print cell #获取单元格中值的类型,类型 0 empty,1 string, 2 number, 3 date, 4 boolean, 5 error cell_type = worksheet1.cell_type(rown,coln) print cell_type """
2. [代码]test_xlwt.py
#coding=utf-8 ####################################################### #filename:test_xlwt.py #author:defias #date:xxxx-xx-xx #function:新建excel文件并写入数据 ####################################################### import xlwt #创建workbook和sheet对象 workbook = xlwt.Workbook() #注意Workbook的开头W要大写 sheet1 = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1',cell_overwrite_ok=True) sheet2 = workbook.add_sheet('sheet2',cell_overwrite_ok=True) #向sheet页中写入数据 sheet1.write(0,0,'this should overwrite1') sheet1.write(0,1,'aaaaaaaaaaaa') sheet2.write(0,0,'this should overwrite2') sheet2.write(1,2,'bbbbbbbbbbbbb') """ #-----------使用样式----------------------------------- #初始化样式 style = xlwt.XFStyle() #为样式创建字体 font = xlwt.Font() font.name = 'Times New Roman' font.bold = True #设置样式的字体 style.font = font #使用样式 sheet.write(0,1,'some bold Times text',style) """ #保存该excel文件,有同名文件时直接覆盖 workbook.save('E:\\Code\\Python\\test2.xls') print '创建excel文件完成!'
3. [代码]test_xlutils.py
#coding=utf-8 ####################################################### #filename:test_xlutils.py #author:defias #date:xxxx-xx-xx #function:向excel文件中写入数据 ####################################################### import xlrd import xlutils.copy #打开一个workbook rb = xlrd.open_workbook('E:\\Code\\Python\\test1.xls') wb = xlutils.copy.copy(rb) #获取sheet对象,通过sheet_by_index()获取的sheet对象没有write()方法 ws = wb.get_sheet(0) #写入数据 ws.write(1, 1, 'changed!') #添加sheet页 wb.add_sheet('sheetnnn2',cell_overwrite_ok=True) #利用保存时同名覆盖达到修改excel文件的目的,注意未被修改的内容保持不变 wb.save('E:\\Code\\Python\\test1.xls')
4. [代码]test_pyExcelerator_read.py
#coding=utf-8 ####################################################### #filename:test_pyExcelerator_read.py #author:defias #date:xxxx-xx-xx #function:读excel文件中的数据 ####################################################### import pyExcelerator #parse_xls返回一个列表,每项都是一个sheet页的数据。 #每项是一个二元组(表名,单元格数据)。其中单元格数据为一个字典,键值就是单元格的索引(i,j)。如果某个单元格无数据,那么就不存在这个值 sheets = pyExcelerator.parse_xls('E:\\Code\\Python\\testdata.xls') print sheets
5. [代码]test_pyExcelerator.py
#coding=utf-8 ####################################################### #filename:test_pyExcelerator.py #author:defias #date:xxxx-xx-xx #function:新建excel文件并写入数据 ####################################################### import pyExcelerator #创建workbook和sheet对象 wb = pyExcelerator.Workbook() ws = wb.add_sheet(u'第一页') #设置样式 myfont = pyExcelerator.Font() myfont.name = u'Times New Roman' myfont.bold = True mystyle = pyExcelerator.XFStyle() mystyle.font = myfont #写入数据,使用样式 ws.write(0,0,u'ni hao 帕索!',mystyle) #保存该excel文件,有同名文件时直接覆盖 wb.save('E:\\Code\\Python\\mini.xls') print '创建excel文件完成!'

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