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切片原型 strs = ‘abcdefg'

Strs[start: end:step]

切片的三个参数分别表开始,结束,步长

第一位下标为0,end位不取,如strs[1:3] = ‘bc'

如果start,end超出现有数组范围,按实际范围截断strs[-100:100]='abcdefg'

Step为空时,缺省值为1

Strs[1:5] = ‘bcde' strs[1:5:2] = ‘bd'

Step为正时,start

Strs[5:1] = ‘'

Start为空,默认为负无穷 strs[:4] = ‘abcd'

End为空,默认为正无穷 strs[2:] = ‘cdefg'

Strs[:] = ‘abcdefg'

Step为负时, start>end, 否则为空
Strs[1:5:-1] = ‘'

Start为空,默认为正无穷 strs[:2:-1] = ‘gfed'

End为空,默认为负无穷 strs[4::-1] = ‘edcba'

Strs[::-1] = ‘gfedcba'

python 切片

切片操作符是序列名后跟一个方括号,方括号中有一对可选的数字,并用冒号分割。注意这与你使用的索引操作符十分相似。记住数是可选的,而冒号是必须的。

切片操作符中的第一个数(冒号之前)表示切片开始的位置,第二个数(冒号之后)表示切片到哪里结束,第三个数(冒号之后)表示切片间隔数。如果不指定第一个数,Python就从序列首开始。如果没有指定第二个数,则Python会停止在序列尾。注意,返回的序列从开始位置开始 ,刚好在 结束 位置之前结束。即开始位置是包含在序列切片中的,而结束位置被排斥在切片外。

这样,shoplist[1:3]返回从位置1开始,包括位置2,但是停止在位置3的一个序列切片,因此返回一个含有两个项目的切片。类似地,shoplist[:]返回整个序列的拷贝。shoplist[::3]返回位置3,位置6,位置9…的序列切片。

你可以用负数做切片。负数用在从序列尾开始计算的位置。例如,shoplist[:-1]会返回除了最后一个项目外包含所有项目的序列切片,shoplist[::-1]会返回倒序序列切片。

使用Python解释器交互地尝试不同切片指定组合,即在提示符下你能够马上看到结果。序列的神奇之处在于你可以用相同的方法访问元组、列表和字符串。

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