如果直接对大文件对象调用 read() 方法,会导致不可预测的内存占用。好的方法是利用固定长度的缓冲区来不断读取文件内容。即通过yield。
在用Python读一个两个多G的txt文本时,天真的直接用readlines方法,结果一运行内存就崩了。
还好同事点拨了下,用yield方法,测试了下果然毫无压力。咎其原因,原来是readlines是把文本内容全部放于内存中,而yield则是类似于生成器。
代码如下:
def open_txt(file_name): with open(file_name,'r+') as f: while True: line = f.readline() if not line: return yield line.strip()
调用实例:
for text in open_txt('aa.txt'): print text
例二:
目标 txt 文件大概有6G,想取出前面1000条数据保存于一个新的 txt 文件中做余下的操作,虽然不知道这样做有没有必要但还是先小数据量测试一下吧。参考这个帖子:我想把一个list列表保存到一个Txt文档,该怎么保存 ,自己写了一个简单的小程序。
====================================================
import datetime import pickle start = datetime.datetime.now() print "start--%s" % (start) fileHandle = open ( 'train.txt' ) file2 = open('s_train.txt','w') i = 1 while ( i < 10000 ): a = fileHandle.readline() file2.write(''.join(a)) i = i + 1 fileHandle.close() file2.close() print "done--%s" % ( datetime.datetime.now() - start) if __name__ == '__main__': pass
====================================================
pickle 这个库大家说的很多,官网看看,后面可以好好学习一下。

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pythn的中文意思是巨蟒、蟒蛇。1989年圣诞节期间,Guido van Rossum在家闲的没事干,为了跟朋友庆祝圣诞节,决定发明一种全新的脚本语言。他很喜欢一个肥皂剧叫Monty Python,所以便把这门语言叫做python。


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