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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialWindows下实现MySQL自动备份的批处理(复制目录或mysqldump备份)

Windows下实现MySQL自动备份的批处理,新建目录并复制压缩,结合windows计划任务方便实现每天的自动备份

今天有个需求要在 Windows 下实现数据库自动备份,拼凑了一下解决办法。

实现的特性
可指定多个数据库
按照 年/月/日 的方式组织备份
可选的使用 WinRAR 压缩备份
使用计划任务实现定时备份

具体代码
备份
代码如下:
@echo off & setlocal ENABLEEXTENSIONS

:: ---------- 配置项 ----------

:: 备份放置的路径,加 \
set BACKUP_PATH=D:\Backup\

:: 要备份的数据库名称,多个用空格分隔
set DATABASES=database1 database2 database3

:: MySQL 用户名
set USERNAME=root

:: MySQL 密码
set PASSWORD=123456

:: MySQL Bin 目录,加 \
:: 如果可以直接使用 mysqldump(安装时添加 MySQL Bin 目录到了环境变量),此处留空即可
set MYSQL=D:\SERVER\MySQL\bin\

:: WinRAR 自带命令行工具的可执行文件路径,长文件名注意用 Dos 长文件名书写方式
set WINRAR=C:\Progra~1\WinRAR\Rar.exe

:: ---------- 以下请勿修改 ----------

set YEAR=%date:~0,4%
set MONTH=%date:~5,2%
set DAY=%date:~8,2%
:: 如果在 dos 下输入 time 返回的不是 24 小时制(没有 0 填充),请自行修改此处
set HOUR=%time:~0,2%
set MINUTE=%time:~3,2%
set SECOND=%time:~6,2%

set DIR=%BACKUP_PATH%%YEAR%\%MONTH%\%DAY%\
set ADDON=%YEAR%%MONTH%%DAY%%HOUR%%MINUTE%%SECOND%

:: create dir
if not exist %DIR% (
mkdir %DIR% 2>nul
)
if not exist %DIR% (
echo Backup path: %DIR% not exists, create dir failed.
goto exit
)
cd /d %DIR%

:: backup
echo Start dump databases...
for %%D in (%DATABASES%) do (
echo Dumping database %%D ...
%MYSQL%mysqldump -u%USERNAME% -p%PASSWORD% %%D > %%D.%ADDON%.sql 2>nul
:: winrar
if exist %WINRAR% (
%WINRAR% a -k -r -s -m1 -ep1 %%D.%ADDON%.rar %%D.%ADDON%.sql 2>nul
del /F /S /Q %%D.%ADDON%.sql 2>nul
)
)
echo Done

:exit

增加计划任务
代码如下:
@echo off

:: ------- 配置项 -------

:: 要执行的文件名
set FILE=D:\cron\cron_backup.bat

:: 计划频率类型
set FREQUENCY=DAILY

:: 频率,与上面的计划频率类型对应
set MODIFIER=1

:: 该计划执行的时间(24 小时制)
set DATETIME=00:30:00

:: 计划的名字
set NAME="Backup Cron Job"

:: 计划执行用户,不建议修改
set USER="System"

:: ------- 以下请勿修改 -------

schtasks /Create /RU %USER% /SC %FREQUENCY% /MO %MODIFIER% /ST %DATETIME% /TN %NAME% /TR %FILE%
pause

其中的

:: 计划频率类型,可选项:
:: MINUTE 分钟
:: DAILY 天
:: HOURLY 小时
:: WEEKLY 周
:: MONTHLY 月

:: 频率,与上面的计划频率类型对应
:: MINUTE: 1 到 1439 分钟
:: HOURLY: 1 - 23 小时
:: DAILY: 1 到 365 天
:: WEEKLY: 1 到 52 周
:: MONTHLY: 1 到 12,或 FIRST, SECOND, THIRD, FOURTH, LAST, LASTDAY

使用方法
将上面的两段代码分别保存为 cron_backup.bat 和 cron_backup_add.bat,并根据注释修改相关参数
确定好目录之后,运行 cron_backup_add.bat 将计划任务添加到系统中。
Windows Server 2003 / XP 可以通过 开始,控制面板,计划任务进入计划任务管理界面;
Windows Vista / 7 可以通过 计算机,右键,管理,系统工具,任务计划程序,任务计划程序库,进入计划任务管理界面。
手动运行该任务,查看备份目录来确认下备份是否成功。

待改进
增加删除多少天之前备份的功能
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