如何确定Oracle数据库表重复的记录
正在看的ORACLE教程是:如何确定Oracle数据库表重复的记录。 作为一个Oracle数据库开发者或者DBA,在实际工作中经常会遇到这样的问题:试图对库表中的某一列或几列创建唯一索引时,系统提示ORA-01452:不能创建唯一索引,发现重复记录。下面我们以表code_ref为例来讨论这个问题及其解决办法。
ERROR位于第1行:
ORA-01452: 无法 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX;找到重复的关键字
Oracle系统提示不能对表code_ref创建一个唯一索引,因为系统发现表中存在重复的记录。我们必须首先找到表中的重复记录并删除该记录,才可以创建唯一索引。下面介绍三种不同的方法来确定库表中重复的记录。
一、自关联查询方法
Oracle系统中,对于所有的表都存在一个唯一的列,这就是rowid。对该列使用最大(max)或者最小(min)函数可以非常容易地确定重复的行。
二、GROUP BY/HAVING查询方法
利用分组函数GROUP BY/HAVING也很容易确定重复的行。以需要创建唯一索引的列分组并统计每组的个数,很明显如果组中记录数超过1个就存在重复的行。
三、Exception into子句
采用alter table命令中的Exception into子句也可以确定出库表中重复的记录。这种方法稍微麻烦一些,为了使用“excepeion into”子句,必须首先创建EXCEPTIONS表。创建该表的SQL脚本文件为utlexcpt.sql。对于NT系统和UNIX系统,Oracle存放该文件的位置稍有不同,在NT系统下,该脚本文件存放在ORACLE_HOME\Ora81\rdbms\admin目录下;而对于UNIX系统,该脚本文件存放在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin目录下。
ERROR位于第2行:
ORA-02299:无法验证(SYSTEM.I_CODE_REF)-未找到重复关键字
下面将exceptions表和code_ref表通过rowid关联起来即可得到表code_ref中重复的记录。

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