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oracle常用sql语句

正在看的ORACLE教程是:oracle常用sql语句。SQL*Plus system/manager
2、显示当前连接用户
SQL> show user
3、查看系统拥有哪些用户
SQL> select * from all_users;
4、新建用户并授权
SQL> create user a identified by a;(默认建在SYSTEM表空间下)
SQL> grant connect,resource to a;
5、连接到新用户
SQL> conn a/a
6、查询当前用户下所有对象
SQL> select * from tab;
7、建立第一个表
SQL> create table a(a number);
8、查询表结构
SQL> desc a
9、插入新记录
SQL> insert into a values(1);
10、查询记录
SQL> select * from a;
11、更改记录
SQL> update a set a=2;
12、删除记录
SQL> delete from a;
13、回滚
SQL> roll;
SQL> rollback;
14、提交
SQL> commit;
用户授权:
GRANT ALTER ANY INDEX TO "user_id "
GRANT "dba " TO "user_id ";
ALTER USER "user_id " DEFAULT ROLE ALL
创建用户:
CREATE USER "user_id " PROFILE "DEFAULT " IDENTIFIED BY " DEFAULT TABLESPACE
"USERS " TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP " ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
GRANT "CONNECT " TO "user_id ";
用户密码设定:
ALTER USER "CMSDB " IDENTIFIED BY "pass_word "
表空间创建:
CREATE TABLESPACE "table_space " LOGGING DATAFILE
'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\dbs\table_space.ora' SIZE 5M
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1、查看当前所有对象
SQL > select * from tab;
2、建一个和a表结构一样的空表
SQL > create table b as select * from a where 1=2;
SQL > create table b(b1,b2,b3) as select a1,a2,a3 from a where 1=2;
3、察看数据库的大小,和空间使用情况
SQL > col tablespace format a20
SQL > select b.file_id  文件ID,
  b.tablespace_name  表空间,
  b.file_name     物理文件名,
  b.bytes       总字节数,
  (b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))   已使用,
  sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))        剩余,
  sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩余百分比
  from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
  where a.file_id=b.file_id
  group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
  order by b.tablespace_name
  /
  dba_free_space --表空间剩余空间状况
  dba_data_files --数据文件空间占用情况
4、查看现有回滚段及其状态
SQL > col segment format a30
SQL > SELECT SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_ID,FILE_ID,STATUS FROM
DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;
5、查看数据文件放置的路径
SQL > col file_name format a50
SQL > select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from
dba_data_files order by file_id;
6、显示当前连接用户
SQL > show user
7、把SQL*Plus当计算器
SQL > select 100*20 from dual;
8、连接字符串
SQL > select 列1 | |列2 from 表1;
SQL > select concat(列1,列2) from 表1;
9、查询当前日期
SQL > select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd,hh24:mi:ss') from dual;
10、用户间复制数据
SQL > copy from user1 to user2 create table2 using select * from table1;
11、视图中不能使用order by,但可用group by代替来达到排序目的
SQL > create view a as select b1,b2 from b group by b1,b2;
12、通过授权的方式来创建用户
SQL > grant connect,resource to test identified by test;
SQL > conn test/test
13、查出当前用户所有表名。
select unique tname from col;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/* 向一个表格添加字段 */
alter table alist_table add address varchar2(100);
/* 修改字段 属性 字段为空 */
alter table alist_table modify address varchar2(80);
/* 修改字段名字 */
create table alist_table_copy as select ID,NAME,PHONE,EMAIL,
QQ as QQ2, /*qq 改为qq2*/
ADDRESS from alist_table;
drop table alist_table;
rename alist_table_copy to alist_table
/* 修改表名 */
空值处理
有时要求列值不能为空
create table dept (deptno number(2) not null, dname char(14), loc char(13));
在基表中增加一列
alter table dept
add (headcnt number(3));
修改已有列属性
alter table dept
modify dname char(20);
注:只有当某列所有值都为空时,才能减小其列值宽度。
只有当某列所有值都为空时,才能改变其列值类型。
只有当某列所有值都为不空时,才能定义该列为not null。
例:
alter table dept modify (loc char(12));
alter table dept modify loc char(12);
alter table dept modify (dname char(13),loc char(12));
查找未断连接
select process,osuser,username,machine,logon_time ,sql_text
from v$session a,v$sqltext b whe

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正在看的ORACLE教程是:oracle常用sql语句。re a.sql_address=b.address;
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1.以USER_开始的数据字典视图包含当前用户所拥有的信息, 查询当前用户所拥有的表信息:
select * from user_tables;
2.以ALL_开始的数据字典视图包含ORACLE用户所拥有的信息,
查询用户拥有或有权访问的所有表信息:
select * from all_tables;
3.以DBA_开始的视图一般只有ORACLE数据库管理员可以访问:
select * from dba_tables;
4.查询ORACLE用户:
conn sys/change_on_install
select * from dba_users;
conn system/manager;
select * from all_users;
5.创建数据库用户:
CREATE USER user_name IDENTIFIED BY password;
GRANT CONNECT TO user_name;
GRANT RESOURCE TO user_name;
授权的格式: grant (权限) on tablename to username;
删除用户(或表):
drop user(table) username(tablename) (cascade);
6.向建好的用户导入数据表
IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FROMUSER = FUSER_NAME TOUSER = USER_NAME FILE = C:\EXPDAT.DMP
COMMIT = Y
7.索引
create index [index_name] on [table_name]( "column_name ")

[2]

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