oracle常用sql语句
正在看的ORACLE教程是:oracle常用sql语句。SQL*Plus system/manager2、显示当前连接用户
SQL> show user
3、查看系统拥有哪些用户
SQL> select * from all_users;
4、新建用户并授权
SQL> create user a identified by a;(默认建在SYSTEM表空间下)
SQL> grant connect,resource to a;
5、连接到新用户
SQL> conn a/a
6、查询当前用户下所有对象
SQL> select * from tab;
7、建立第一个表
SQL> create table a(a number);
8、查询表结构
SQL> desc a
9、插入新记录
SQL> insert into a values(1);
10、查询记录
SQL> select * from a;
11、更改记录
SQL> update a set a=2;
12、删除记录
SQL> delete from a;
13、回滚
SQL> roll;
SQL> rollback;
14、提交
SQL> commit;
用户授权:
GRANT ALTER ANY INDEX TO "user_id "
GRANT "dba " TO "user_id ";
ALTER USER "user_id " DEFAULT ROLE ALL
创建用户:
CREATE USER "user_id " PROFILE "DEFAULT " IDENTIFIED BY " DEFAULT TABLESPACE
"USERS " TEMPORARY TABLESPACE "TEMP " ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
GRANT "CONNECT " TO "user_id ";
用户密码设定:
ALTER USER "CMSDB " IDENTIFIED BY "pass_word "
表空间创建:
CREATE TABLESPACE "table_space " LOGGING DATAFILE
'C:\ORACLE\ORADATA\dbs\table_space.ora' SIZE 5M
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1、查看当前所有对象
SQL > select * from tab;
2、建一个和a表结构一样的空表
SQL > create table b as select * from a where 1=2;
SQL > create table b(b1,b2,b3) as select a1,a2,a3 from a where 1=2;
3、察看数据库的大小,和空间使用情况
SQL > col tablespace format a20
SQL > select b.file_id 文件ID,
b.tablespace_name 表空间,
b.file_name 物理文件名,
b.bytes 总字节数,
(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) 已使用,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)) 剩余,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩余百分比
from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
where a.file_id=b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
order by b.tablespace_name
/
dba_free_space --表空间剩余空间状况
dba_data_files --数据文件空间占用情况
4、查看现有回滚段及其状态
SQL > col segment format a30
SQL > SELECT SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_ID,FILE_ID,STATUS FROM
DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;
5、查看数据文件放置的路径
SQL > col file_name format a50
SQL > select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from
dba_data_files order by file_id;
6、显示当前连接用户
SQL > show user
7、把SQL*Plus当计算器
SQL > select 100*20 from dual;
8、连接字符串
SQL > select 列1 | |列2 from 表1;
SQL > select concat(列1,列2) from 表1;
9、查询当前日期
SQL > select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd,hh24:mi:ss') from dual;
10、用户间复制数据
SQL > copy from user1 to user2 create table2 using select * from table1;
11、视图中不能使用order by,但可用group by代替来达到排序目的
SQL > create view a as select b1,b2 from b group by b1,b2;
12、通过授权的方式来创建用户
SQL > grant connect,resource to test identified by test;
SQL > conn test/test
13、查出当前用户所有表名。
select unique tname from col;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
/* 向一个表格添加字段 */
alter table alist_table add address varchar2(100);
/* 修改字段 属性 字段为空 */
alter table alist_table modify address varchar2(80);
/* 修改字段名字 */
create table alist_table_copy as select ID,NAME,PHONE,EMAIL,
QQ as QQ2, /*qq 改为qq2*/
ADDRESS from alist_table;
drop table alist_table;
rename alist_table_copy to alist_table
/* 修改表名 */
空值处理
有时要求列值不能为空
create table dept (deptno number(2) not null, dname char(14), loc char(13));
在基表中增加一列
alter table dept
add (headcnt number(3));
修改已有列属性
alter table dept
modify dname char(20);
注:只有当某列所有值都为空时,才能减小其列值宽度。
只有当某列所有值都为空时,才能改变其列值类型。
只有当某列所有值都为不空时,才能定义该列为not null。
例:
alter table dept modify (loc char(12));
alter table dept modify loc char(12);
alter table dept modify (dname char(13),loc char(12));
查找未断连接
select process,osuser,username,machine,logon_time ,sql_text
from v$session a,v$sqltext b whe
[1]
正在看的ORACLE教程是:oracle常用sql语句。re a.sql_address=b.address;-----------------------------------------------------------------
1.以USER_开始的数据字典视图包含当前用户所拥有的信息, 查询当前用户所拥有的表信息:
select * from user_tables;
2.以ALL_开始的数据字典视图包含ORACLE用户所拥有的信息,
查询用户拥有或有权访问的所有表信息:
select * from all_tables;
3.以DBA_开始的视图一般只有ORACLE数据库管理员可以访问:
select * from dba_tables;
4.查询ORACLE用户:
conn sys/change_on_install
select * from dba_users;
conn system/manager;
select * from all_users;
5.创建数据库用户:
CREATE USER user_name IDENTIFIED BY password;
GRANT CONNECT TO user_name;
GRANT RESOURCE TO user_name;
授权的格式: grant (权限) on tablename to username;
删除用户(或表):
drop user(table) username(tablename) (cascade);
6.向建好的用户导入数据表
IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FROMUSER = FUSER_NAME TOUSER = USER_NAME FILE = C:\EXPDAT.DMP
COMMIT = Y
7.索引
create index [index_name] on [table_name]( "column_name ")
[2]

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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