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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial通过mysql show processlist 命令检查mysql锁的方法

show processlist 命令非常实用,有时候mysql经常跑到50%以上或更多,就需要用这个命令看哪个sql语句占用资源比较多,就知道哪个网站的程序问题了。

processlist命令的输出结果显示了有哪些线程在运行,可以帮助识别出有问题的查询语句,两种方式使用这个命令。

1. 进入mysql/bin目录下输入mysqladmin processlist;

2. 启动mysql,输入show processlist;

如果有SUPER权限,则可以看到全部的线程,否则,只能看到自己发起的线程(这是指,当前对应的MySQL帐户运行的线程)。

得到数据形式如下(只截取了三条):

mysql> show processlist;

+-----+-------------+--------------------+-------+---------+-------+----------------------------------+----------

| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time| State | Info

+-----+-------------+--------------------+-------+---------+-------+----------------------------------+----------

|207|root |192.168.0.20:51718 |mytest | Sleep | 5 | | NULL

|208|root |192.168.0.20:51719 |mytest | Sleep | 5 | | NULL

|220|root |192.168.0.20:51731 |mytest |Query | 84 | Locked |

select bookname,culture,value,type from book where id=001

先简单说一下各列的含义和用途,第一列,id,不用说了吧,一个标识,你要kill一个语句的时候很有用。user列,显示单前用户,如果不是root,这个命令就只显示你权限范围内的sql语句。host列,显示这个语句是从哪个ip的哪个端口上发出的。呵呵,可以用来追踪出问题语句的用户。db列,显示这个进程目前连接的是哪个数据库。command列,显示当前连接的执行的命令,一般就是休眠(sleep),查询(query),连接(connect)。time列,此这个状态持续的时间,单位是秒。state列,显示使用当前连接的sql语句的状态,很重要的列,后续会有所有的状态的描述,请注意,state只是语句执行中的某一个状态,一个sql语句,已查询为例,可能需要经过copying to tmp table,Sorting result,Sending data等状态才可以完成,info列,显示这个sql语句,因为长度有限,所以长的sql语句就显示不全,但是一个判断问题语句的重要依据。

这个命令中最关键的就是state列,mysql列出的状态主要有以下几种:

  Checking table
 正在检查数据表(这是自动的)。
 Closing tables
 正在将表中修改的数据刷新到磁盘中,同时正在关闭已经用完的表。这是一个很快的操作,如果不是这样的话,就应该确认磁盘空间是否已经满了或者磁盘是否正处于重负中。
 Connect Out
 复制从服务器正在连接主服务器。
 Copying to tmp table on disk
 由于临时结果集大于tmp_table_size,正在将临时表从内存存储转为磁盘存储以此节省内存。
 Creating tmp table
 正在创建临时表以存放部分查询结果。
 deleting from main table
 服务器正在执行多表删除中的第一部分,刚删除第一个表。
 deleting from reference tables
 服务器正在执行多表删除中的第二部分,正在删除其他表的记录。
 Flushing tables
 正在执行FLUSH TABLES,等待其他线程关闭数据表。
 Killed
 发送了一个kill请求给某线程,那么这个线程将会检查kill标志位,同时会放弃下一个kill请求。MySQL会在每次的主循环中检查kill标志位,不过有些情况下该线程可能会过一小段才能死掉。如果该线程程被其他线程锁住了,那么kill请求会在锁释放时马上生效。
 Locked
 被其他查询锁住了。
 Sending data
 正在处理Select查询的记录,同时正在把结果发送给客户端。
 Sorting for group
 正在为GROUP BY做排序。
 Sorting for order
 正在为ORDER BY做排序。
 Opening tables
 这个过程应该会很快,除非受到其他因素的干扰。例如,在执Alter TABLE或LOCK TABLE语句行完以前,数据表无法被其他线程打开。正尝试打开一个表。
 Removing duplicates
 正在执行一个Select DISTINCT方式的查询,但是MySQL无法在前一个阶段优化掉那些重复的记录。因此,MySQL需要再次去掉重复的记录,然后再把结果发送给客户端。
 Reopen table
 获得了对一个表的锁,但是必须在表结构修改之后才能获得这个锁。已经释放锁,关闭数据表,正尝试重新打开数据表。
 Repair by sorting
 修复指令正在排序以创建索引。
 Repair with keycache
 修复指令正在利用索引缓存一个一个地创建新索引。它会比Repair by sorting慢些。
 Searching rows for update
 正在讲符合条件的记录找出来以备更新。它必须在Update要修改相关的记录之前就完成了。
 Sleeping
 正在等待客户端发送新请求.
 System lock
 正在等待取得一个外部的系统锁。如果当前没有运行多个mysqld服务器同时请求同一个表,那么可以通过增加--skip-external-locking参数来禁止外部系统锁。
 Upgrading lock
 Insert DELAYED正在尝试取得一个锁表以插入新记录。
 Updating
 正在搜索匹配的记录,并且修改它们。
 User Lock
 正在等待GET_LOCK()。
 Waiting for tables
 该线程得到通知,数据表结构已经被修改了,需要重新打开数据表以取得新的结构。然后,为了能的重新打开数据表,必须等到所有其他线程关闭这个表。以下几种情况下会产生这个通知:FLUSH TABLES tbl_name, Alter TABLE, RENAME TABLE, REPAIR TABLE, ANALYZE TABLE,或OPTIMIZE TABLE。
 waiting for handler insert
 Insert DELAYED已经处理完了所有待处理的插入操作,正在等待新的请求。
 大部分状态对应很快的操作,只要有一个线程保持同一个状态好几秒钟,那么可能是有问题发生了,需要检查一下。
 还有其他的状态没在上面中列出来,不过它们大部分只是在查看服务器是否有存在错误是才用得着。

mysql手册里有所有状态的说明,链接如下:
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