mysql 创建 数据库时指定编码很重要,很多开发者都使用了默认编码,但是我使用的经验来看,制定数据库的编码可以很大程度上避免倒入导出带来的乱码问题。
我们遵循的标准是,数据库,表,字段和页面或文本的编码要统一起来很多mysql数据库工具(除了phpmyadmin,我偶尔用,功能强速度慢)都不支持创建时指定数据库编码,当然可以改my.ini来解决这个问题,但是需要重新启动mysql,不过用下面的语句会更有效
GBK: create database test2 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;
UTF8: CREATE DATABASE `test2` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci
注意:如果不是通过my.ini配置文件设置的内容,只在当前状态下有效,当重启数据库服务后失效。所以如果想要不出现乱码只有修改my.ini文件,数据库编码可以在创建数据库时候指定UTF8,如下:
|character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8
注意该配置| character_set_server | latin1 无法设置成UTF8
交互时候仍然会出现乱码。
只有当修改my.ini中设置UTF8,才会全部修改成UTF8
-------------------------
mysql设置编码命令
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;
SET character_set_database = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;/*这里要注意很有用*/
SET character_set_server = utf8;
SET collation_connection = utf8_bin;
SET collation_database = utf8_bin;
SET collation_server = utf8_bin;
my.ini中配置默认编码
default-character-set=utf8
连接数据库设置编码
jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.5:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8
/*****************************************java与mysq编码对应****************************************/
java中的常用编码UTF-8;GBK;GB2312;ISO-8859-1;
对应mysql数据库中的编码utf8;gbk;gb2312;latin1
---------------------------
数据库连接串中指定字符集URL=jdbc:mysql://yourIP/college?user=root&password=yourPassword&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gbk
不要试图通过sql命令来修改character_set_server,那是临时的,还是老老实实修改my.ini或者linux下的my.cnf
代码如下:
[mysqld]
......
character_set_server=utf8
default-character-set=utf8

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