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HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorialoracle创建触发器与常见问题

oracle创建与常见问题

Oracle   DBA   Studio   工具里面就能创建触发器

CREATE   TRIGGER  
  名称  
  CREATE   TRIGGER   —   创建一个新触发器    
   
  语法  
  CREATE   TRIGGER   name   {   BEFORE   |   AFTER   }   {   event   [OR   ...]   }  
          ON   table   FOR   EACH   {   ROW   |   STATEMENT   }  
          EXECUTE   PROCEDURE   func   (   arguments   )  
  输入  
  name    
  触发器名称.    
  table    
  表名称.    
  event    
  INSERT,DELETE   或   UPDATE   之一.    
  funcname    
  一个用户提供的函数.    
   
  输出  
  CREATE    
  如果触发器成功创建,返回此信息.    
   
  描述  
  CREATE   TRIGGER   将向现有中增加一个新的触发器.触发器将与表   table   相联并且将执行声明的函数   funcname.    
  触发器可以声明为在对记录进行操作之前(在检查约束之前和   INSERT,UPDATE   或   DELETE   执行前)或之后(在检查约束之后和完成了   INSERT,UPDATE   或   DELETE   操作)触发.如果触发器在事件之前,触发器可能略过当前记录的操作或改变被插入的(当前)记录(只对   INSERT   和   UPDATE   操作有效).如果触发器在事件之后,所有更改,包括最后的插入,更新或删除对触发器都是"可见"的.    
   
  请参考   PostgreSQL   程序员手册   中SPI   和触发器章节获取更多信息.    
   
  注意  
  CREATE   TRIGGER   是一个   Postgres   语言扩展.    
  只有表所有者可以就此表创建一个触发器.    
   
  在当前的版本(v7.0),STATEMENT   触发器还没有实现.    
     
   
  请参考   DROP   TRIGGER   获取如何删除触发器的信息.    
   
  用法  
  在插入或更新表   films   之前检查一下声明的分销商代码是否存在于   distributors   表中:    
  CREATE   TRIGGER   if_dist_exists  
          BEFORE   INSERT   OR   UPDATE   ON   films   FOR   EACH   ROW  
          EXECUTE   PROCEDURE   check_primary_key   ('did',   'distributors',   'did');  
  在删除或更新一个分销商的内容之前,将所有记录移到表   films   中(译注:好象与例子意义不同):    
  CREATE   TRIGGER   if_film_exists    
          BEFORE   DELETE   OR   UPDATE   ON   distributors   FOR   EACH   ROW  
          EXECUTE   PROCEDURE   check_foreign_key   (1,   'CASCADE',   'did',   'films',   'did');  
  兼容性  
  SQL92  
  在   SQL92   里没有   CREATE   TRIGGER   语句.    
  上面第二个例子可以使用一个   FOREIGN   KEY   约束实现:    
   
  CREATE   TABLE   distributors   (  
          did             DECIMAL(3),  
          name           VARCHAR(40),  
          CONSTRAINT   if_film_exists  
          FOREIGN   KEY(did)   REFERENCES   films  
          ON   UPDATE   CASCADE   ON   DELETE   CASCADE      
  );

实例

create trigger tri_emp
    after insert on employees
    for each row
    insert into new values(:new.sno,:new.sname,:new.sex,:new.depart)
    --------------
    create trigger tri_emp_delete
    after delete on employees
    for each row
    delete from new where sno=:old.sno
    --------------
    create trigger tri_emp_update
    after update on employees
    for each row
    begin
    delete from new where sno=:old.sno;
    insert into new values(:new.sno,:new.sname,:new.sex,:new.depart);
    end;
    --------------
    注意;的使用,如果在begin和end子句中有多条语句的话,每条句子后面都应该有一个分号


最近最一个oracle的项目,需要自定义生成触发器,但是在组装的SQL语句生成的触发器却始终出现错误。将生产的SQL语句拿到SQLPLUS去执行(oracle 10g),出现

错误:Warning: Trigger created with compilation errors.

     进到企业管理器去查看触发器,会发现如下错误:

     “  Line # = 2 Column # = 128 Error Text = PL/SQL: ORA-00984: column not allowed here
        Line # = 2 Column # = 1 Error Text = PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored

    ”

     确实不知道是什么错误,通过网络搜索“ column not allowed here”,有人说是字符(char)、整形的

类型转换问题,但这个问题如何解决呢?

     测试用表使用了两张字段相同的表,分别命名为userinfo_old,uerinfo_new.


    SQL生成的触发器如下:

   create trigger test_trigger
              after insert on userinfo_old
for each row  
      begin
            insert into userinfo_new values (userinfo_old.userid,userinfo_old.username,userinfo_old.userpass,userinfo_old.sex,userinfo_old.userqq);
       end;

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