CURDATE()或者CURRENT_DATE() 返回当前日期,按照ldquo;YYYY-MM-DDrdquo;或者ldquo;YYYYMMDDldquo;格式显示。只包含年月日 s
CURDATE()或者CURRENT_DATE()
返回当前日期,按照“YYYY-MM-DD”或者“YYYYMMDD“格式显示。只包含年月日
select curdate()+0;
显示结果为:20140214
select curdate()+1;
显示结果为:20140215
CURTIME()或者CURRENT_TIME()
返回当前时间,包括时分秒
NOW()
返回当前时间,包含日期和时间
UTC_DATE函数
返回UTC时间,北京时间=UTC时间+8小时
UNIX_TIMESTAMP(), UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date)
若无参数调用,则返回一个Unix timestamp ('1970-01-01 00:00:00' GMT 之后的秒数) 作为无符号整数。若用date 来调用UNIX_TIMESTAMP(),它会将参数值以'1970-01-01 00:00:00' GMT后的秒数的形式返回。date 可以是一个DATE 字符串、一个 DATETIME字符串、一个 TIMESTAMP或一个当地时间的YYMMDD 或YYYMMDD格式的数字。
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP();
-> 882226357
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('1997-10-04 22:23:00');
-> 875996580
FROM_UNIXTIME()
返回unix时间戳的日期值。
mysql>SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(875996580);
->'1997-10-04 22:23:00'
TO_DAYS(date)
给定一个日期date, 返回一个天数 (从年份0开始的天数 )。
mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS(950501);
-> 728779
mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS('1997-10-07');
-> 729669
DATEDIFF函数
datediff(date1,date2)用来计算两个日期之间相差的天数。
DATE_ADD函数或者ADDDATE函数
date_add(date,interval expr type):返回与所给日期date相差interval时间段的日期。
mysql>select date_add(curdate(), interval 1 day)
>2014-02-15
mysql>select date_add(curdate(), interval -1 day)
>2014-02-13
DATE_SUB函数或者SUBDATE函数
date_sub(date,interval expr type):返回比所给日期早expr type的日期。
mysql>select date_sub(curdate(), interval 1 day)
>2014-02-13
mysql>select date_add(curdate(), interval -1 day)
>2014-02-15
MySQL 允许任何expr 格式中的标点分隔符。表中所显示的是建议的 分隔符。若 date 参数是一个 DATE 值,而你的计算只会包括 YEAR、MONTH和DAY部分(即, 没有时间部分), 其结果是一个DATE 值。否则,,结果将是一个 DATETIME值。
若位于另一端的表达式是一个日期或日期时间值 , 则INTERVAL expr type只允许在 + 操作符的两端。对于 –操作符, INTERVAL expr type 只允许在其右端,原因是从一个时间间隔中提取一个日期或日期时间值是毫无意义的。 (见下面的例子)。
mysql> SELECT '1997-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL 1 SECOND;
-> '1998-01-01 00:00:00'
mysql> SELECT INTERVAL 1 DAY + '1997-12-31';
-> '1998-01-01'
mysql> SELECT '1998-01-01' - INTERVAL 1 SECOND;
-> '1997-12-31 23:59:59'
EXTRACT() 函数用于返回日期/时间的单独部分,比如年、月、日、小时、分钟等等。
EXTRACT(unit FROM date)date 参数是合法的日期表达式。unit 参数可以是下列的值:
Unit 值
MICROSECOND
SECOND
MINUTE
HOUR
DAY
WEEK
MONTH
QUARTER
YEAR
SECOND_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
MINUTE_SECOND
HOUR_MICROSECOND
HOUR_SECOND
HOUR_MINUTE
DAY_MICROSECOND
DAY_SECOND
DAY_MINUTE
DAY_HOUR
YEAR_MONTH
DATE_FORMAT(date,format)
根据format字符串格式化date值
(在format字符串中可用标志符:
%M 月名字(January……December)
%W 星期名字(Sunday……Saturday)
%D 有英语前缀的月份的日期(1st, 2nd, 3rd, 等等。)
%Y 年, 数字, 4 位
%y 年, 数字, 2 位
%a 缩写的星期名字(Sun……Sat)
%d 月份中的天数, 数字(00……31)
%e 月份中的天数, 数字(0……31)
%m 月, 数字(01……12)
%c 月, 数字(1……12)
%b 缩写的月份名字(Jan……Dec)
%j 一年中的天数(001……366)
%H 小时(00……23)
%k 小时(0……23)
%h 小时(01……12)
%I 小时(01……12)
%l 小时(1……12)
%i 分钟, 数字(00……59)
%r 时间,12 小时(hh:mm:ss [AP]M)
%T 时间,24 小时(hh:mm:ss)
%S 秒(00……59)
%s 秒(00……59)
%p AM或PM
%w 一个星期中的天数(0=Sunday ……6=Saturday )
%U 星期(0……52), 这里星期天是星期的第一天
%u 星期(0……52), 这里星期一是星期的第一天
%% 字符% )
mysql> select DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%W %M %Y');
-> 'Saturday October 1997'
mysql> select DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%H:%i:%s');
-> '22:23:00'
mysql> select DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
-> '4th 97 Sat 04 10 Oct 277'
mysql> select DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00','%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
-> '22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6'
LAST_DAY()
获取一个日期或者日期时间值,返回该月的最后一天。
>SELECT LAST_DAY('2013-02-14');
>'2013-02-28'

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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