xtrabackup 是 percona 的一个开源项目,可以热备份innodb ,XtraDB,和MyISAM(会锁表),对MyISAM存储引擎会锁表,也是很郁闷的
xtrabackup 是 percona 的一个开源项目,可以热备份innodb ,XtraDB,和MyISAM(会锁表)
对MyISAM存储引擎会锁表,也是很郁闷的因为线上使用的是Innodb和MyISAM两种存储引擎,比较头疼!!
Xtrabackup是一个对InnoDB做数据备份的工具,支持在线热备份(备份时不影响数据读写),是商业备份工具InnoDB Hotbackup的一个很好的替代品
Percona?
MySqL的衍生版 Percona Server
Percona 为 MySQL 数据库服务器进行了改进,在功能和性能上较 MySQL 有着很显著的提升。该版本提升了在高负载情况下的 InnoDB 的性能、为 DBA 提供一些非常有用的性能诊断工具;另外有更多的参数和命令来控制服务器行为。
Percona Server 只包含 MySQL 的服务器版,并没有提供相应对 MySQL 的 Connector 和 GUI 工具进行改进。
Percona Server 使用了一些 google-mysql-tools, Proven Scaling, Open Query 对 MySQL 进行改造。
官站: 这个站点有详细的文档介绍,不过是E文,
推荐阅读:
MySQL开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署
MySQL Xtrabackup备份和恢复
用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】
安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL
XtraBackup 的详细介绍:请点这里
XtraBackup 的下载地址:请点这里
下面就来看一下Xtrbackup这个工具的使用吧。
首先安装这个xtrbackup工具,安装方法官网上有yum和rpm包安装两种方式的详细的介绍就不再写了,朋友们自己看。在这里我使用的yum的安装方式比较便捷。
yum源设置方法:
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/Percona.repo
添加以下内容:
[percona]
name = CentOS $releasever - Percona
baseurl=http://repo.percona.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
enabled = 1
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-percona
gpgcheck = 1下载key文件写到yum install percona-xtrabackup-2.0.1-446.rhel6.x86_64 -y
当然也可以下载源码包编译安装
下载地址:
主要来说一下xtrbackup对MySqL数据库的备份和恢复。
Xtrabackup有两个主要的工具:xtrabackup、innobackupex
(1)xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表,而不能备份MyISAM数据表
(2)innobackupex-1.5.1则封装了xtrabackup,是一个脚本封装,所以能同时备份处理innodb和myisam,但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁
(3)使用帮助::start
下面来使用这个工具:
一定要确定mysql配置文件my.cnf中必须有datadir=/data/mysql/这项。下面有说明。
先来一次全量备份:
innobackupex-1.5.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --host=localhost --port=3306 --user=root --password=RedHat /data/bak_data/full_bak这个目录里面就是备份的内容了,可以看一下都有什么东西:
数据库的主配置文件:backup-my.cnf
Innodb日志文件:ibdata1
数据库中的所有数据库目录:innobackup、mysql、performance_schema、phpmyadmin、test、wordpress
最后就是innobackupex备份的二进制日志和日志信息,备份的标志点:
xtrabackup_binary
xtrabackup_binlog_info
xtrabackup_checkpoints
xtrabackup_logfile
下面来使用innobackupex增量备份:
第一次增量备份:
innobackupex-1.5.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --host=localhost --port=3306 --user=root --password=redhat --incremental --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_data/full_bak /data/bak_data/one_backup
第二次增量备份:
innobackupex-1.5.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --host=localhost --port=3306 --user=root --password=redhat --incremental --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_data/one_backup /data/bak_data/two_backup
第三次增量备份:
innobackupex-1.5.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --host=localhost --port=3306 --user=root --password=redhat --incremental --incremental-basedir=/data/bak_data/two_backup /data/bak_data/three_backup
以上是把每次增量备份为一个目录,,也可以备份为一个压缩包
压缩备份的方式:
innobackupex-1.5.1 --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --host=localhost --port=3306 --user=root --password=redhat --stream=tar /data/bak_data/ 2>/data/back_data/2.log | gzip - > /data/bak_data/full_bak.tar.gz(测试了不下10次,压缩包里只一个backup-my.cnf文件,非常郁闷!)
还是用普通的吧,比较稳当!
继续阅读本文的精彩内容请看第2页:

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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