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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialPostgreSQL删除表中重复数据行

采用PostgreSQL 9.2 官方文档例子为例: 剔除重复行的数据转存到新表weather_temp

采用PostgreSQL 9.2 官方文档例子为例:

CREATE TABLE weather (
city      varchar(80),
temp_lo  int,          -- low temperature
temp_hi  int,          -- high temperature
prcp      real,        -- precipitation
date      date
);

INSERT INTO weather VALUES
('San Francisco', 46, 50, 0.25, '1994-11-27'),
('San Francisco', 43, 57, 0, '1994-11-29'),
('Hayward', 37, 54, NULL, '1994-11-29'),
('Hayward', 37, 54, NULL, '1994-11-29');  --- duplicated row

这里有3中方法:

第一种:替换法

-- 剔除重复行的数据转存到新表weather_temp
SELECT DISTINCT city, temp_lo, temp_hi, prcp, date
INTO weather_temp
FROM weather;
-- 删除原表
DROP TABLE weather;
-- 将新表重命名为weather
ALTER TABLE weather_temp RENAME TO weather;

或者

-- 创建与weather一样的表weather_temp
CREATE TABLE weather_temp (LIKE weather INCLUDING CONSTRAINTS);
-- 用剔除重复行的数据填充到weather_temp中
INSERT INTO weather_temp SELECT DISTINCT * FROM weather;
-- 删除原表
DROP TABLE weather;
-- 将新重命名为weather.
ALTER TABLE weather_temp RENAME TO weather;

通俗易懂,有很多毁灭性的操作如DROP,而且当数据量大时,耗时耗空间。不推荐。

第二种: 添加字段法

-- 添加一个新字段,,类型为serial
ALTER TABLE weather ADD COLUMN id SERIAL;
-- 删除重复行
DELETE FROM weather WHERE id
NOT IN (
SELECT max(id)
FROM weather
GROUP BY city, temp_lo, temp_hi, prcp, date
);
-- 删除添加的字段
ALTER TABLE weather DROP COLUMN id;

需要添加字段,「暂时不知道Postgres是如何处理添加字段的,是直接在原表追加呢,还是复制原表组成新表呢?」,如果是原表追加,可能就会因为新字段的加入而导致分页(一般block: 8k),如果是复制的话那就罪过了。不好。

第三种:系统字段[查看 System Columns]

DELETE FROM weather
WHERE ctid
NOT IN (
SELECT max(ctid)
FROM weather
GROUP BY city, temp_lo, temp_hi, prcp, date
);

针对性强[Postgres独有],但是简单。

PostgreSQL 的详细介绍:请点这里
PostgreSQL 的下载地址:请点这里

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在PostgreSQL中如何删除重复记录

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