Oracle 10g RAC安装全面解读 目录1.ORACLE Database RAC说明... 1-21.1RAC系统说明... 1-21.2安装前的准备工作... 1-21.2.1硬件方
Oracle 10g RAC安装全面解读
目录
1.ORACLE Database RAC说明... 1-2
1.1RAC系统说明... 1-2
1.2安装前的准备工作... 1-2
1.2.1硬件方面的准备工作... 1-2
1.2.2软件方面的准工作... 1-2
2.安装准备工作... 2-3
2.1网络配置文件的修改... 2-3
2.2创建相应的ORACLE用户和用户组... 2-3
2.3修改系统参数... 2-5
2.4创建CRS的home目录... 2-5
2.5存储设备的设置... 2-5
3.安装具体步骤... 3-7
3.1安装clusterware. 3-7
3.2安装总结... 3-12
4.创建数据库... 4-12
4.1安装数据库软件... 4-12
4.2创建数据库... 4-12
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ORACLE RAC系统是指ORACLE公司针对ORACLE Database推出的一个群集系统，RAC为real application cluster的简写，意味真正的应用程序群集系统。RAC能够独立进行群集方式工作，同时也支持嵌入第三方群集系统中，比如SUN CLUSTER 3.2等所谓的vender群集系统中。
结合ORACLE的ASM（自动存储管理）、Oracle Clusterware等，建议数据库在系统独立运行，无需运行第三方的群集系统，卷管理系统等。
1.2安装前的准备工作俗话说，磨刀不误砍柴工，在安装RAC之前，仔细阅读官方的安装手册是最佳途径，因为网上的很多文章写的时候，都是按照作者所拥有的环境进行安装的，实际中会有很多的变数导致安装出现很多情况，因此，网上文章作为每个安装工程师来说，只有参考价值。
1.2.1硬件方面的准备工作在硬件方面，首先确认服务器的类型，操作系统的类型，存储器是否正确连接到两台或者多台服务器上，主机系统能否正确访问存储，是否所有主机系统共享了改存储器。
主机系统方面，是否有足够的网卡，RAC需要至少一个public和一个private的网卡，分别用于数据库instance的访问和心跳网卡（此心跳也用来传输一些数据库的数据）。
1.2.2软件方面的准工作在软件方便，一是根据主机类型，选择相应的数据库软件，包括database和clusterware软件，需要注意的是，最好能选择比较新的版本的软件，因为ORACLE RAC方面，针对很多平台，最初版本软件或多或少都会存在一些bug，选择正确的版本后，安装能够尽量减少麻烦。
操作系统方面，也应该根据数据库软件做最优的安装，比如solaris 10，最好能够使用update 10的版本，EIS光盘最好能够使用最近的光盘来安装最新的10的推荐补丁包。补丁一定要打最新的，这个可以大大减小bug的产生。
2.安装准备工作本示例安装主要基于ORACLE SPARC服务器的两个节点安装RAC，由于使用的是T5120用LDM创建的两个虚拟主机，所以相关网卡名字等都是按虚拟机里面的命名方式进行的。
安装完操作系统后，必须打上操作系统的推荐补丁包，用最近的EIS光盘来，如果没有EIS光盘，可以到oracle网站下载最近的推荐补丁包，比如solaris10的最新补丁下载地址如下：这个可能需要OPN的账号
https://updates.oracle.com/download/12714436.html
2.1网络配置文件的修改/etc/hosts该文件记录了将来使用的IP地址，包括public和private的地址：
192.168.0.12orac1(主机1的本地地址)
192.168.0.13orac2（主机2的本地地址）
192.168.0.14orac1-vip （主机1的public地址）
192.168.0.16orac2-vip （主机2的public地址）
192.168.0.15orac1-priv（主机1的private地址）
192.168.0.17orac2-priv（主机2的private地址）
私有地址可以设置成另外一个网段的地址，本示例都为一个网段地址。
另外一台主机的/etc/hosts文件里面需要这些地址，都写上。
/etc/下主机网卡配置文件，public地址将来可以用在本地地址的那张网卡上，系统能够plumb一个虚拟网卡，比如vnet0:1，私有地址必须单独指定，比如/etc/hostname.vnet1，里面写入orac1-priv即可在系统reboot时候自动将私有地址网卡plumb起来。
建立好所有配置文件，需要确认以下地址是能够ping通的：
ping orac1ping orac2ping orac1-privping orac2-priv
2.2创建相应的ORACLE用户和用户组根据oracle数据库安装的需要创建相应的unix组和用户oracle：
groupadd dba创建dba组
groupadd oinstall创建oinstall组
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /opt/oracle -m -s /bin/sh oracle 创建oracle用户
passwd oracle修改oracle用户的密码
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