对 DBA 而言,CREATE TABLE AS 可谓是家常便饭,顺手拈来。需不知该方式虽然简单,但疏忽也容易导致意想不到的问题。笔者前阵子就
对 DBA 而言,CREATE TABLE AS 可谓是家常便饭,顺手拈来。需不知该方式虽然简单,但疏忽也容易导致意想不到的问题。笔者前阵子就碰上了这样的事情。由于是对原表进行克隆,且数据存储在不同的表空间,因此毫不犹豫地使用了CREATE TABLE AS,结果在运行package时,error...
--1、非空约束遗失
-->使用create table as 来创建对象
scott@CNMMBO> create table tb_dept as select * from dept where 1=0;
Table created.
scott@CNMMBO> desc dept;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
DEPTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC VARCHAR2(13)
scott@CNMMBO> desc tb_dept;
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC VARCHAR2(13)
-->从上面的desc可以看出新创建的表少了非空约束
-->下面手动为其增加非空约束,增加后与原来的表是一致的。当然使用create table as时,索引是需要单独重建的。
scott@CNMMBO> alter table tb_dept modify (deptno not null);
Table altered.
scott@CNMMBO> drop table tb_dept; -->删除刚刚穿件的表tb_dept
Table dropped.
--2、存在非空约束时default约束遗失
-->下面为表dept的loc列添加非空约束,且赋予default值
scott@CNMMBO> alter table dept modify (loc default 'BeiJing' not null);
Table altered.
-->为原始表新增一条记录
scott@CNMMBO> insert into dept(deptno,dname) select 50,'DEV' from dual;
1 row created.
scott@CNMMBO> commit;
Commit complete.
-->下面的查询可以看到新增记录50的loc为缺省值'BeiJing'
scott@CNMMBO> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
50 DEV BeiJing
-->再次使用create table as来创建对象
scott@CNMMBO> create table tb_dept as select * from dept;
Table created.
-->从下面可知,由于列loc存在default值,,所以此时not null约束被同时赋予
scott@CNMMBO> desc tb_dept
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------------- -------- ------------------------------------
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC NOT NULL VARCHAR2(13)
scott@CNMMBO> select * from tb_dept;

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

The steps to build a MySQL database include: 1. Create a database and table, 2. Insert data, and 3. Conduct queries. First, use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE statements to create the database and table, then use the INSERTINTO statement to insert the data, and finally use the SELECT statement to query the data.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is easy to use and powerful. 1.MySQL is a relational database, and uses SQL for CRUD operations. 2. It is simple to install and requires the root user password to be configured. 3. Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SELECT to perform data operations. 4. ORDERBY, WHERE and JOIN can be used for complex queries. 5. Debugging requires checking the syntax and use EXPLAIN to analyze the query. 6. Optimization suggestions include using indexes, choosing the right data type and good programming habits.

MySQL is suitable for beginners because: 1) easy to install and configure, 2) rich learning resources, 3) intuitive SQL syntax, 4) powerful tool support. Nevertheless, beginners need to overcome challenges such as database design, query optimization, security management, and data backup.

Yes,SQLisaprogramminglanguagespecializedfordatamanagement.1)It'sdeclarative,focusingonwhattoachieveratherthanhow.2)SQLisessentialforquerying,inserting,updating,anddeletingdatainrelationaldatabases.3)Whileuser-friendly,itrequiresoptimizationtoavoidper

ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability, and are the cornerstone of database design. 1. Atomicity ensures that the transaction is either completely successful or completely failed. 2. Consistency ensures that the database remains consistent before and after a transaction. 3. Isolation ensures that transactions do not interfere with each other. 4. Persistence ensures that data is permanently saved after transaction submission.

MySQL is not only a database management system (DBMS) but also closely related to programming languages. 1) As a DBMS, MySQL is used to store, organize and retrieve data, and optimizing indexes can improve query performance. 2) Combining SQL with programming languages, embedded in Python, using ORM tools such as SQLAlchemy can simplify operations. 3) Performance optimization includes indexing, querying, caching, library and table division and transaction management.

MySQL uses SQL commands to manage data. 1. Basic commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN, subquery and aggregate functions. 3. Common errors include syntax, logic and performance issues. 4. Optimization tips include using indexes, avoiding SELECT* and using LIMIT.


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