Oracle 设定的阙值并非捕获所有的sql语句,所以无法看到某些sql历史执行计划乃正常现象。在Oracle 9i的时候,我们可以通过设定不
最近有网友提到为什么在dba_hist_sql_plan中无法查看到sql语句的历史执行计划,对于这个问题是由于缺省情况下,Oracle 设定的阙值并非捕获所有的sql语句,所以无法看到某些sql历史执行计划乃正常现象。在Oracle 9i的时候,我们可以通过设定不同的快照level获得不同程度的详细信息。也可以单独配置收集sql的阙值,,如指定sql的执行次数,磁盘读的次数,解析调用的数量等。所有超出这个设置的sql语句都收集到snapshot之中。Oracle 10g,11g也有相应的设置。下面来描述这个问题。
1、缺省阙值的情形
--环境,下面的演示基于Oracle 10g
scott@CNMMBO> select * from v$version where rownum
BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
--下面的查询awr配置
scott@CNMMBO> select * from dba_hist_wr_control;
DBID SNAP_INTERVAL RETENTION TOPNSQL
---------- -------------------- ------------------------- ----------
938506715 +00000 01:00:00.0 +00007 00:00:00.0 DEFAULT
--发布sql查询
scott@CNMMBO> select * from dept where loc='CHICAGO';
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
30 SALES CHICAGO
--获得sql_id
scott@CNMMBO> @my_last_sql
ADDRESS HASH_VALUE SQL_ID COMMAND_TYPE PIECE SQL_TEXT
---------------- ---------- ------------- ------------ ---------- ------------------------------------------
000000009F942760 2626775672 2jbkb5qf92ums 3 0 select * from dept where loc='CHICAGO'
--从v$sql_plan获得缓冲区的执行计划
scott@CNMMBO> get sql_plan_curr.sql
1 set linesize 135
2 col id format 99
3 col operation format a25
4 col options format a25
5 col object_name format a25 wrap
6 SELECT id,
7 operation,
8 options,
9 object_name,
10 bytes,
11 cpu_cost,
12 io_cost
13 FROM v$sql_plan
14 WHERE sql_id = '&input_sql_id'
15* ORDER BY id;
scott@CNMMBO> @sql_plan_curr.sql -->此时可以查询到对应sql的执行计划
Enter value for input_sql_id: 2jbkb5qf92ums
ID OPERATION OPTIONS OBJECT_NAME BYTES CPU_COST IO_COST
--- ------------------------- ------------------------- --------------- ------- ---------- ----------
0 SELECT STATEMENT
1 TABLE ACCESS FULL DEPT 20 36567 3
--下面尝试从dba_hist_sql_plan获得执行计划
scott@CNMMBO> get sql_plan_his.sql
1 set linesize 135
2 col id format 99
3 col operation format a25
4 col object_name format a25 wrap
5 SELECT id,
6 operation,
7 options,
8 object_name,
9 bytes,
10 cpu_cost,
11 io_cost
12 FROM dba_hist_sql_plan
13 WHERE sql_id = '&input_sql_id'
14* ORDER BY id;
scott@CNMMBO> @sql_plan_his --查询无法获得执行计划
Enter value for input_sql_id: 2jbkb5qf92ums
no rows selected
scott@CNMMBO> exec dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot(); -->执行一次快照,写入缓冲区的内容倒snapsho
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
scott@CNMMBO> @sql_plan_his -->依旧无法获得执行计划
Enter value for input_sql_id: 2jbkb5qf92ums
no rows selected

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system suitable for data storage, management, query and security. 1. It supports a variety of operating systems and is widely used in Web applications and other fields. 2. Through the client-server architecture and different storage engines, MySQL processes data efficiently. 3. Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, inserting, querying and updating data. 4. Advanced usage involves complex queries and stored procedures. 5. Common errors can be debugged through the EXPLAIN statement. 6. Performance optimization includes the rational use of indexes and optimized query statements.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

InnoDB's lock mechanisms include shared locks, exclusive locks, intention locks, record locks, gap locks and next key locks. 1. Shared lock allows transactions to read data without preventing other transactions from reading. 2. Exclusive lock prevents other transactions from reading and modifying data. 3. Intention lock optimizes lock efficiency. 4. Record lock lock index record. 5. Gap lock locks index recording gap. 6. The next key lock is a combination of record lock and gap lock to ensure data consistency.

The main reasons for poor MySQL query performance include not using indexes, wrong execution plan selection by the query optimizer, unreasonable table design, excessive data volume and lock competition. 1. No index causes slow querying, and adding indexes can significantly improve performance. 2. Use the EXPLAIN command to analyze the query plan and find out the optimizer error. 3. Reconstructing the table structure and optimizing JOIN conditions can improve table design problems. 4. When the data volume is large, partitioning and table division strategies are adopted. 5. In a high concurrency environment, optimizing transactions and locking strategies can reduce lock competition.

In database optimization, indexing strategies should be selected according to query requirements: 1. When the query involves multiple columns and the order of conditions is fixed, use composite indexes; 2. When the query involves multiple columns but the order of conditions is not fixed, use multiple single-column indexes. Composite indexes are suitable for optimizing multi-column queries, while single-column indexes are suitable for single-column queries.

To optimize MySQL slow query, slowquerylog and performance_schema need to be used: 1. Enable slowquerylog and set thresholds to record slow query; 2. Use performance_schema to analyze query execution details, find out performance bottlenecks and optimize.

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.


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