封装性是面向对象编程中的三大特性这一，封装性就是把对象的成员属性和成员方法结合成一个独立的相同的单位，并尽可能隐蔽对象的内部细节，对外形成一个边界，只保留有限的对外接口，使之与外部发生联系。
封装的实现方法
对成员属性或成员方法的封装，是通过在其前面添加关键字 private 来实现。由 private 修饰的类成员，不能被外部访问，但在对象内部的成员可以访问到自己对象内部被封装的成员，从面达到对对象成员的保护作用。
我们使用private对Person类中的成员进行封装：
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