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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle存储过程语法

Oracle存储过程语法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:16 PM
ordatabase

下面写一个简单的例子来对以上所说的存储过程的用法做一个应用: 现假设存在两张表,一张是学生成绩表(studnet) ,字段为:stdId


1  CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名
  2  IS
  3  BEGIN
  4  NULL;
  5  END;
  
行1:
  CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 是一个SQL语句通知Oracle数据库去创建一个叫做skeleton存储过程, 如果存在就覆盖它;
行2:
  IS关键词表明后面将跟随一个PL/SQL体。
行3:
  BEGIN关键词表明PL/SQL体的开始。
行4:
  NULL PL/SQL语句表明什么事都不做,这句不能删去,,因为PL/SQL体中至少需要有一句;
行5:
  END关键词表明PL/SQL体的结束
存储过程创建语法:
 create or replace procedure 存储过程名(param1 in type,param2 out type)
as
变量1 类型(值范围); --vs_msg   VARCHAR2(4000);
变量2 类型(值范围);
Begin
Select count(*) into 变量1 from 表A where列名=param1;

    If (判断条件) then
       Select 列名 into 变量2 from 表A where列名=param1;
       Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息’);
    Elsif (判断条件) then
       Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息’);
    Else
       Raise 异常名(NO_DATA_FOUND);
    End if;
Exception
    When others then
       Rollback;
End;

注意事项:
1, 存储过程参数不带取值范围,in表示传入,out表示输出
类型可以使用任意Oracle中的合法类型。
2,  变量带取值范围,后面接分号
3,  在判断语句前最好先用count(*)函数判断是否存在该条操作记录
4,  用select 。。。into。。。给变量赋值
5,  在代码中抛异常用 raise+异常名

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE存储过程名
(
--定义参数
 is_ym  IN CHAR(6) ,
the_count OUT NUMBER,
)
AS
--定义变量
vs_msg   VARCHAR2(4000);   --错误信息变量
vs_ym_beg  CHAR(6);      --起始月份
vs_ym_end  CHAR(6);      --终止月份
vs_ym_sn_beg CHAR(6);     --同期起始月份
vs_ym_sn_end CHAR(6);     --同期终止月份

--定义游标(简单的说就是一个可以遍历的结果集)

CURSOR cur_1 IS
  SELECT 。。。
  FROM 。。。
    WHERE 。。。
   GROUP BY 。。。;

BEGIN

--用输入参数给变量赋初值,用到了Oralce的
SUBSTR
TO_CHAR
ADD_MONTHS
TO_DATE 等很常用的函数。
vs_ym_beg := SUBSTR(is_ym,1,6);
vs_ym_end := SUBSTR(is_ym,7,6);
vs_ym_sn_beg := TO_CHAR(ADD_MONTHS(TO_DATE(vs_ym_beg,'yyyymm'), -12),'yyyymm');
vs_ym_sn_end := TO_CHAR(ADD_MONTHS(TO_DATE(vs_ym_end,'yyyymm'), -12),'yyyymm');

--先删除表中特定条件的数据。

DELETE FROM 表名 WHERE ym = is_ym;

  --然后用内置的DBMS_OUTPUT对象的put_line方法打印出影响的记录行数,其中用到一个系统变量SQL%rowcount

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('del上月记录='||SQL%rowcount||'条');

INSERT INTO表名(area_code,ym,CMCODE,rmb_amt,usd_amt)
SELECT area_code,is_ym,CMCODE,SUM(rmb_amt)/10000,SUM(usd_amt)/10000
FROM BGD_AREA_CM_M_BASE_T
  WHERE ym >= vs_ym_beg
  AND ym <= vs_ym_end
GROUP BY area_code,CMCODE;

DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('ins当月记录='||SQL%rowcount||'条');
--遍历游标处理后更新到表。遍历游标有几种方法,用for语句是其中比较直观的一种。
 
FOR rec IN cur_1 LOOP
  UPDATE 表名
  SET rmb_amt_sn = rec.rmb_amt_sn,usd_amt_sn = rec.usd_amt_sn
   WHERE area_code = rec.area_code
   AND CMCODE = rec.CMCODE
   AND ym = is_ym;
END LOOP;

COMMIT;

--错误处理部分。OTHERS表示除了声明外的任意错误。SQLERRM是系统内置变量保存了当前错误的详细信息。

EXCEPTION

   WHEN OTHERS THEN
      vs_msg := 'ERROR IN xxxxxxxxxxx_p('||is_ym||'):'||SUBSTR(SQLERRM,1,500);
 
   ROLLBACK;

   --把当前错误记录进日志表。

   INSERT INTO LOG_INFO(proc_name,error_info,op_date)
   VALUES('xxxxxxxxxxx_p',vs_msg,SYSDATE);
   COMMIT;
   RETURN;

END;


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