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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP中数据库单例模式的实现代码分享_php实例

首先我们要知道明确单例模式这个概念,那么什么是单例模式呢?

单例模式顾名思义,就是只有一个实例。

作为对象的创建模式, 单例模式确保某一个类只有一个实例,而且自行实例化并向整个系统提供这个实例,这个类我们称之为单例类。

单例模式的要点有三个:

一是某个类只能有一个实例;
二是它必须自行创建这个实例;
三是它必须自行向整个系统提供这个实例。

下面我们讨论下为什么要使用PHP单例模式?

多数人都是从单例模式的字面上的意思来理解它的用途, 认为这是对系统资源的节省, 可以避免重复实例化, 是一种"计划生育". 而PHP每次执行完页面都是会从内存中清理掉所有的资源. 因而PHP中的单例实际每次运行都是需要重新实例化的, 这样就失去了单例重复实例化的意义了. 单单从这个方面来说, PHP的单例的确有点让各位失望. 但是单例仅仅只有这个功能和应用吗? 答案是否定的,我们一起来看看。

1. php的应用主要在于数据库应用, 所以一个应用中会存在大量的数据库操作, 在使用面向对象的方式开发时(废话), 如果使用单例模式, 则可以避免大量的new 操作消耗的资源。

2. 如果系统中需要有一个类来全局控制某些配置信息, 那么使用单例模式可以很方便的实现. 这个可以参看zend Framework的FrontController部分。

3. 在一次页面请求中, 便于进行调试, 因为所有的代码(例如数据库操作类db)都集中在一个类中, 我们可以在类中设置钩子, 输出日志,从而避免到处var_dump, echo。

class db {
  public static $cennct = null;
  private function __construct(){return false;}
  private function conn(){
    $pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=dbname','root','');
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY, true);    
    $pdo->query('set names utf8');            
    return $pdo;                  
  }
  public static function getdb(){
    if(self::$cennct == null )
      self::$cennct = self::conn(); 
      return true;
  }
  protected function fetch($sql,$param=array()){
    $this->getdb();
    $tmp = self::$cennct->prepare($sql);
    $tmp->execute($param);
    return $tmp->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
  }
  protected function fetchAll($sql,$param=array()){
    $this->getdb();
    $tmp = self::$cennct->prepare($sql);
    $tmp->execute($param);
    return $tmp->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);     
  }
  protected function execute($sql,$param=array()){
    $this->getdb(); 
    $tmp = self::$cennct->prepare($sql);
    return $tmp->execute($param);
  }
}

以上为一个数据库操作单例模式

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