最好不查找NULL,或is not null ,is null,更不能比较null值问:什么是NULL?答:在我们不知道具体有什么数据的时候,也即未知,
最好不查找NULL,或is not null ,is null,更不能比较null值
问:什么是NULL?
答:在我们不知道具体有什么数据的时候,也即未知,可以用NULL,我们称它为空,Oracle中,含有空值的表列长度为零。
ORACLE允许任何一种数据类型的字段为空,除了以下两种情况:
1、主键字段(primary key),
2、定义时已经加了NOT NULL限制条件的字段
说明:
1、等价于没有任何值、是未知数。
2、NULL与0、空字符串、空格都不同。
3、对空值做加、减、乘、除等运算操作,结果仍为空。
4、NULL的处理使用NVL函数。
5、比较时使用关键字用“is null”和“is not null”。
6、空值不能被索引,所以查询时有些符合条件的数据可能查不出来,
count(*)中,用nvl(列名,0)处理后再查。
7、排序时比其他数据都大(索引默认是降序排列,,小→大),
所以NULL值总是排在最后。
使用方法:
SQL> select 1 from dual where null=null;
没有查到记录
SQL> select 1 from dual where null='';
没有查到记录
SQL> select 1 from dual where ''='';
没有查到记录
SQL> select 1 from dual where null is null;
1
---------
1
SQL> select 1 from dual where nvl(null,0)=nvl(null,0);
1
---------
1
对空值做加、减、乘、除等运算操作,结果仍为空。
SQL> select 1+null from dual;
SQL> select 1-null from dual;
SQL> select 1*null from dual;
SQL> select 1/null from dual;
查询到一个记录.
注:这个记录就是SQL语句中的那个null
设置某些列为空值
update table1 set 列1=NULL where 列1 is not null;
现有一个商品销售表sale,表结构为:
month char(6) --月份
sellnumber(10,2) --月销售金额
create table sale (month char(6),sell number);
insert into sale values('200001',1000);
insert into sale values('200002',1100);
insert into sale values('200003',1200);
insert into sale values('200004',1300);
insert into sale values('200005',1400);
insert into sale values('200006',1500);
insert into sale values('200007',1600);
insert into sale values('200101',1100);
insert into sale values('200202',1200);
insert into sale values('200301',1300);
insert into sale values('200008',1000);
insert into sale(month) values('200009');
(注意:这条记录的sell值为空)
commit;
共输入12条记录
SQL> select * from sale where sell like '%';
MONTH SELL
------ ---------
200001 1000
200002 1100
200003 1200
200004 1300
200005 1400
200006 1500
200007 1600
200101 1100
200202 1200
200301 1300
200008 1000
查询到11记录.
结果说明:
查询结果说明此SQL语句查询不出列值为NULL的字段
此时需对字段为NULL的情况另外处理。
SQL> select * from sale where sell like '%' or sell is null;
SQL> select * from sale where nvl(sell,0) like '%';
MONTH SELL
------ ---------
200001 1000
200002 1100
200003 1200
200004 1300
200005 1400
200006 1500
200007 1600
200101 1100
200202 1200
200301 1300
200008 1000
200009
查询到12记录.
Oracle的空值就是这么的用法,我们最好熟悉它的约定,以防查出的结果不正确。
其他意见:
在 MS SQL Server 中,是存在的。
即WHERE field_1 IS NULL 和 filed_1 = '' 返回 2 种结果
'' 和 NULL 是2个东西。
在 Oracle 8.1.6 和 9.2 中,你存入 '' 后,数据库会自动存储为 NULL
此时只能使用 WHERE field_1 IS NULL
感觉好像 ORACLE 中没有 '' 或者说 '' 和 NULL 是一个东西。
可以这么理解:
如果需要区分数据类型的话,
空字符串''一定是NULL
空数字也是NULL
其他空数据类型也是NULL
如果不区分数据类型的话,
空字符串''就是NULL,NULL就是空字符串''

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

Dreamweaver Mac version
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PhpStorm Mac version
The latest (2018.2.1) professional PHP integrated development tool

WebStorm Mac version
Useful JavaScript development tools