0 查询分组时的区别Oracle数据库中使用Group By分组时 select 后面的列必须是分组的列(group by(列))或者是用了聚合函数的lie
0 查询分组时的区别
Oracle数据库中使用Group By分组时 select 后面的列必须是分组的列(group by(列))或者是用了聚合函数的lie
但是 MySQL中 不需要如此 随便分组都可以
mysql> select name,id,count(name) from quyang group by name;
+---------+------+-------------+
| name | id | count(name) |
+---------+------+-------------+
| quyang | 1 | 1 |
| quyang1 | 2 | 2 |
| quyang3 | 3 | 1 |
| quyang4 | 4 | 1 |
+---------+------+-------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
下面的是来自网络!!!!感谢:
1.自动增长的数据类型处理
MYSQL有自动增长的数据类型,插入记录时不用操作此字段,会自动获得数据值。ORACLE没有自动增长的数据类型,需要建立一个自动增长的序列号,插入记录时要把序列号的下一个值赋于此字段。
CREATE SEQUENCE 序列号的名称 (最好是表名+序列号标记) INCREMENT BY 1 START WITH 1 MAXVALUE 99999 CYCLE NOCACHE;
其中最大的值按字段的长度来定, 如果定义的自动增长的序列号 NUMBER(6) , 最大值为999999
INSERT 语句插入这个字段值为: 序列号的名称.NEXTVAL
2. 单引号的处理
MYSQL里可以用双引号包起字符串,ORACLE里只可以用单引号包起字符串。在插入和修改字符串前必须做单引号的替换:把所有出现的一个单引号替换成两个单引号。
3. 翻页的SQL语句的处理
MYSQL处理翻页的SQL语句比较简单,用LIMIT 开始位置, 记录个数;PHP里还可以用SEEK定位到结果集的位置。ORACLE处理翻页的SQL语句就比较繁琐了。每个结果集只有一个ROWNUM字段标明它的位置, 并且只能用ROWNUM80。
以下是经过分析后较好的两种ORACLE翻页SQL语句( ID是唯一关键字的字段名 ):
语句一:
SELECT ID, [FIELD_NAME,...] FROM TABLE_NAME WHERE ID IN ( SELECT ID FROM (SELECT ROWNUM AS NUMROW, ID FROM TABLE_NAME WHERE 条件1 ORDER BY 条件2) WHERE NUMROW > 80 AND NUMROW < 100 ) ORDER BY 条件3;
语句二:
SELECT * FROM (( SELECT ROWNUM AS NUMROW, c.* from (select [FIELD_NAME,...] FROM TABLE_NAME WHERE 条件1 ORDER BY 条件2) c) WHERE NUMROW > 80 AND NUMROW < 100 ) ORDER BY 条件3;
4. 长字符串的处理
长字符串的处理ORACLE也有它特殊的地方。INSERT和UPDATE时最大可操作的字符串长度小于等于4000个单字节, 如果要插入更长的字符串, 请考虑字段用CLOB类型,方法借用ORACLE里自带的DBMS_LOB程序包。插入修改记录前一定要做进行非空和长度判断,不能为空的字段值和超出长度字段值都应该提出警告,返回上次操作。
5. 日期字段的处理
MYSQL日期字段分DATE和TIME两种,ORACLE日期字段只有DATE,包含年月日时分秒信息,用当前数据库的系统时间为SYSDATE, 精确到秒,,或者用字符串转换成日期型函数TO_DATE(‘2001-08-01’,’YYYY-MM-DD’)年-月-日 24小时:分钟:秒 的格式YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS TO_DATE()还有很多种日期格式, 可以参看ORACLE DOC.日期型字段转换成字符串函数TO_CHAR(‘2001-08-01’,’YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS’)
日期字段的数学运算公式有很大的不同。MYSQL找到离当前时间7天用 DATE_FIELD_NAME > SUBDATE(NOW(),INTERVAL 7 DAY)ORACLE找到离当前时间7天用 DATE_FIELD_NAME >SYSDATE - 7;
MYSQL中插入当前时间的几个函数是:NOW()函数以`'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'返回当前的日期时间,可以直接存到DATETIME字段中。CURDATE()以’YYYY-MM-DD’的格式返回今天的日期,可以直接存到DATE字段中。CURTIME()以’HH:MM:SS’的格式返回当前的时间,可以直接存到TIME字段中。例:insert into tablename (fieldname) values (now())
而oracle中当前时间是sysdate
6. 空字符的处理
MYSQL的非空字段也有空的内容,ORACLE里定义了非空字段就不容许有空的内容。按MYSQL的NOT NULL来定义ORACLE表结构, 导数据的时候会产生错误。因此导数据时要对空字符进行判断,如果为NULL或空字符,需要把它改成一个空格的字符串。
7. 字符串的模糊比较
MYSQL里用 字段名 like '%字符串%',ORACLE里也可以用 字段名 like '%字符串%' 但这种方法不能使用索引, 速度不快,用字符串比较函数 instr(字段名,'字符串')>0 会得到更精确的查找结果。
8. 程序和函数里,操作数据库的工作完成后请注意结果集和指针的释放

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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