在Oracle 12c R1之前,一个字段是无法以任何形式拥有多个索引的。或许有人会想知道为什么通常一个字段需要有多重索引,事实上需要
相同字段上的多重索引
在Oracle 12c R1之前,一个字段是无法以任何形式拥有多个索引的。或许有人会想知道为什么通常一个字段需要有多重索引,事实上需要多重索引的字段或字段集合是很多的。在12c R1中,只要索引类型的形式不同,一个字段就可以包含在一个B-tree索引中,同样也可以包含在Bitmap索引中。注意,只有一种类型的索引是在给定时间可用的。
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翻页查询
之前版本中需要借用ROWNUM对查询结果设置“标号”实现分页查询
12c中引入OFFSET 和 FETCH 实现快捷分页方式
不可见字段
在之前的版本中,为了隐藏重要的数据字段以避免在通用查询中显示,我们往往会创建一个视图来隐藏所需信息或应用某些安全条件。
在12c R1中,你可以在表中创建不可见字段。当一个字段定义为不可见时,,这一字段就不会出现在通用查询中,除非在SQL语句或条件中有显式的提及这一字段,或是在表定义中有DESCRIBED。要添加或是修改一个不可见字段是非常容易的,反之亦然。
当字段定义为不可见时,在描述表结构时它们将不会显示。然而,你可以通过在SQL*Plus提示符下进行以下设置来显示不可见字段的相关信息:
SQL> SET COLINVISIBLE ON|OFF;
以上设置仅对DESCRIBE 命令有效。目前它还无法对不可见字段上的SELECT 语句结果产生效果。
更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容:

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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