对于内存较大的Oracle数据库服务器,配置HugePage是很有必要的,下面是配置Huge的步骤:
对于内存较大的Oracle数据库服务器,配置HugePage是很有必要的,下面是配置Huge的步骤:
我的环境:
OS:CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
Oracle:11.2.0.4 RAC
Oracle 大内存需要配置HugePage
在Oracle 11.2.0.3.0上开启大页(HugePages)的详细解析
Linux HugePages及MySQL 大页配置
Linux HugePage 特性
1. 设置memlock
编辑/etc/security/limits.conf
增加:
* Soft memlock 稍小于RAM值
* hard memlock 稍小于RAM值
Memlock值大于sga没关系的,所以我们可以设置这个值在我们想要的SGA size和物理内存size之间,这个值得单位是kb。
[root@node1 ~]# grep -i memtot /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 132250576 kB
我们物理内存大小126G,因此我可以设置memlock为100G。
在2个节点设置:
[root@node1 ~]# tail -2 /etc/security/limits.conf
* soft memlock 104857600
* hard memlock 104857600
设置完毕后,以Oracle用户登录验证:
node2-> ulimit -l
104857600
2. 禁用AMM特性:
禁用AMM特性需要将memory_max_target, memory_max_target2个参数重置,而不仅仅是设置为0,最好的办法是创建一个pfile,在pfile中将这2个参数删除,再根据这个pfile创建spfile.
主要内存参数设置为:
node1->
node1-> grep target /tmp/init.ora
*.pga_aggregate_target=1572864000
*.sga_target=64424509440
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/tmp/init.ora';
File created.
SQL> startup force
ORA-27102: out of memory
Linux-x86_64 Error: 28: No space left on device
Additional information: -134217728
Additional information: 1
SQL>
出现这个报错是因为shmall设置的太小。
Shmall表示共享内存的总大小,单位为pagesize的大小。
根据我的配置,最大能支持8G的SGA:
node1-> getconf PAGE_SIZE
4096
node1-> cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
2097152
修改shmall并重新启动数据库,修改的方法很简单,编辑/etc/sysctl.conf:
kernel.shmall= 16252928
即可。
修改完毕kernel.shmall,此时可以重启数据库。
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/tmp/init.ora';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 6.4137E+10 bytes
Fixed Size 2269072 bytes
Variable Size 6979321968 bytes
Database Buffers 5.7043E+10 bytes
Redo Buffers 112762880 bytes
SQL>
SQL>
DB启动后重新创建spfile:
SQL> create spfile='+OCR/sszgdb/spfilesszgdb.ora' from pfile='/tmp/init.ora';
File created.
SQL>
3. 根据Oracle的脚本计算hugepage大小(计算时要确保Oracle已经启动),也可自己计算:
Press Enter to proceed...
Recommended setting: vm.nr_hugepages = 30739
node1->
4. 根据脚本的计算值在2个节点编辑/etc/sysctl.conf
加入vm.nr_hugepages = 30739
[root@node2 ~]# grep -i huge /proc/meminfo
AnonHugePages: 602112 kB
HugePages_Total: 30739
HugePages_Free: 30739
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB停止数据库实例
5. 重启服务器,一般重启服务器之后DB也自动启动了。服务器和DB重启后可以通过以下命令验证大页的使用情况:
grep -i Hugepages /proc/meminfo
此时查看Oracle的alert日志,也可以发现:
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
************************ Large Pages Information *******************
Per process system memlock (soft) limit = UNLIMITED
Total Shared Global Region in Large Pages = 58 GB (96%)
Large Pages used by this instance: 29761 (58 GB)
Large Pages unused system wide = 24 (48 MB)
Large Pages configured system wide = 30739 (60 GB)
Large Page size = 2048 KB
RECOMMENDATION:
Total System Global Area size is 60 GB. For optimal performance,
prior to the next instance restart:
1. Increase the number of unused large pages by
at least 936 (page size 2048 KB, total size 1872 MB) system wide to
get 100% of the System Global Area allocated with large pages
可以发现sga并没有全部放在大页里,这样可能对性能带来负面影响,,Oracle建议我们再加入936个大页,可见Oracle的大页脚本计算并不准确,我们需要增加大页数量,并设置参数Use_large_pages=only,该参数确保Oracle的共享内存全部使用大页。
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