set是一个集合,它是string类型的无序集合,set是通过hash table实现的,添加,删除,查找的时间复杂度都是O(1),对于集合我们可
一.set类型
set是一个集合,它是string类型的无序集合,,set是通过hash table实现的,添加,删除,查找的时间复杂度都是O(1),对于集合我们可以取并集,交集,差集。通过这些操作我们可以实现SNS中好友推荐和Blog的tag功能。
set常见操作:
(1)sadd
向一个集合中添加一个元素。例如:sadd set1 Hello
(2)smembers
查看集合中的所有元素。例如:smembers set1
(3)srem
删除集合中一个指定的元素。例如:srem set1 Hello
(4)spop
随机弹出set集合中德一个元素。例如:spop set1
(5)sdiff
求两个集合的差集,比如sdiff set1 set2,表示保留set1中与set2不同的所有元素。
(6)sdiffstore
将返回的差集存进一个集合。例如:sdiffstore set3 set1 set2,表示把set1与set2的差集存进
集合set3。
(7)sinter
返回给定两个集合的交集。例如:sinter set1 set2,表示返回set1和set2的交集。
(8)sinterstore
将两个集合的交集存进一个集合。例如:sinterstore set3 set1 set2,表示把set1和set2的交集
存进集合set3。
(9)sunion
返回给定两个集合的并集。例如:sunion set1 set2,表示返回set1和set2的并集。
(10)sunionstore
将两个集合的并集存进一个集合。例如:sunionstore set3 set1 set2,表示把set1和set2的并集
存进集合set3
(11)smove
从第一个key对应的set中移除member并添加到第二个对应的集合中。
例如:smove set1 set2 Hello,表示把set1中的Hello元素移动到set2中。
(12)scard
返回key对应集合的元素的个数。例如:scard set1。
(13)sismember
判断某一个元素是否为集合的元素。比如:sismember set1 Hello,表示判断Hello是否为set1的中
的元素。
(14)srandmember
随机返回名称为key的set的一个元素。例如:srandmember set1。
二.zset类型
zset是在set的基础上增加了顺序,形成一个有序的集合。
zset的常见操作:
(1)zadd
向有序集合zset中增加一个元素。例如:zadd zset 1 Hello
(2)zrange
输出zset中指定范围内的的所有元素,按照score从小到大的顺序。
例如:zrange zset 0 -1 withscores,表示输出有序集合zset中所有的元素,并且输出顺序号。
(3)zrem
删除名称为key的zset集合中的元素member。例如:zrem set1 Hello。
(4)zincrby
把有序集合zset中的指定元素的序列号加上指定的值。例如:zincrby zset 4 Hello
(5)zrank
返回名称为key的zset集合中元素的排名,按照下标从小到大的排名。例如:zrank zset Hello。
(6)zrevrank
返回名称为key的zset集合中元素的排名,按照下表从大到小的排名。例如:zrevrank zset Hello。
(7)zrevrange
按照score从大到小的顺序输出集合中所有元素。例如:zrevrange zset 0 -1 withscores。
(8)zrangebyscore
返回集合中给定区间的元素。例如:zrangebyscore zset 2 3 withscores
(9)zcount
返回集合中score在给定区间的数量。zcount zset 2 3
(10)zcard
返回集合中元素的个数。
(11)zremrangebyrank
按照索引来删除给定区间的元素。例如:zremrangebyrank zset 1 2
(12)zremrangebyscore
删除score在指定范围内的元素。例如:zremrangebyscore zset 1 2
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