search
HomeDatabaseMysql Tutorial关于子查询和连接的趣味小题目

今天有位同学出来一个趣味小题。 A: select title from simplified where id in (select id from analysis where word = something); B: select b.title from analysis a join simplified b on (a.id=b.id) where a.word=something; C: select simplified

今天有位同学出来一个趣味小题。

A:
select title
from simplified
where id in (select id
                  from analysis
                  where word = ‘something’);
B:
select b.title
from  analysis a
join simplified b
on (a.id=b.id)
where a.word=’something’;
C:
select simplified.title
from  analysis
join simplified
on (analysis.id=simplified.id)
where analysi.word=’something’;

上面的3段sql,在MYSQL中执行,哪一个效率最优,请讲出原因

看到这个问题,我想起了之前作面试官的时候,也问过这里的问题。从另一个角度,我收集了大家面对这题目的时候一些思考,总结成下面的一个面试小故事。

这类题目真得蛮适合面试的时候考察对sql的掌握程度。

模拟一个场景,面试者:小白,面试官:小二,下面开始这段面试过程…..

小二:…. 我这里有个小问题,你看看(给出上面3段sql),balabala。。。。

小白:这2个表数据量如何了,join ,子查询的优化根据数据量可能还有所不一样吧。子查询适合外结果集大,子查询结果集小的情况,最好是能保证子查询所返回的结果集尽量的小。

小二:假设2表,数据量差不多,都是万条记录左右。

小白:如果是这种的话,A应该会慢一点吧。 如果是在mysql上执行的话,A中子查询语句会认为与外面的simolified表进行关联比较有效率。这样的话A其实就回被翻译成:

select title from simplified where exists (select simplified.title from analysis where word= ‘something’ and id =simplified .id);

这种in子查询的形式,在外部表(比如上面的simplified )数据量较大的时候效率是很差的.

小二: 恩,那么B和C之间有什么区别呢?

小白:B和C在我看来,应该是差不多的,其主要区别就是B采用了别名。但是我认为应该是没多大影响的。 

因为数据库本身执行时,都会再把表名给换成自己的别名。但我影响中好像记得有一条数据库的优化建议是尽量多表连接,最好是使用表的别名来引用列。

对了,有对id建索引吧。

小二: 2表id都是主键,这算是建了索引吗?

小白: 是的,主键可以保证记录的唯一和主键域非空,数据库管理系统对于主键自动生成唯一索引,所以主键也是一个特殊的索引。

小二:  恩,一张表只能有一个主键,是不是就可以说只能有一个唯一的索引呢?

小白:  不对,主键一定是唯一性索引,唯一性索引并不一定就是主键,主键就是能够唯一标识表中某一行的属性或属性组,一个表只能有一个主键,但可以有多个候选索引。

小二: 主键列和唯一索引列还有区别吗?

小白:应该有,我知道的主键列不允许空值,而唯一性索引列允许空值。一个表中可以有多个唯一性索引,但只能有一个主键。

小二: 恩,回到上面的问题,你记得多表连接,最好使用表的别名来引用列,哪你有想过会是什么原因导致的呢?

小白:我估计应该是Mysql内部处理逻辑有关吧,有可能是使用了别名,就会再建一个临时表放入内存,这样后面的命中会更高。

小二:  差不多吧,mysql引擎自动生成temp表,造成缓存的效果。从这个sql,你大致应该能明白它的意图了,你想想有没有更优的写法,可以试试看…

小白: 好的,我想想…..

小白:  

select b.title from
(select id from  analysis where word=’something’)a,
 simplified b
where a.id=b.id;

如果这么去写,应该是最快的。放弃子查询和join。

小二: 恩,不错…..

。。。。。。

如果我在面试中碰到这样的小白,绝对会留下深刻的影响。

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
MySQL's Role: Databases in Web ApplicationsMySQL's Role: Databases in Web ApplicationsApr 17, 2025 am 12:23 AM

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

MySQL: Building Your First DatabaseMySQL: Building Your First DatabaseApr 17, 2025 am 12:22 AM

The steps to build a MySQL database include: 1. Create a database and table, 2. Insert data, and 3. Conduct queries. First, use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE statements to create the database and table, then use the INSERTINTO statement to insert the data, and finally use the SELECT statement to query the data.

MySQL: A Beginner-Friendly Approach to Data StorageMySQL: A Beginner-Friendly Approach to Data StorageApr 17, 2025 am 12:21 AM

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is easy to use and powerful. 1.MySQL is a relational database, and uses SQL for CRUD operations. 2. It is simple to install and requires the root user password to be configured. 3. Use INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SELECT to perform data operations. 4. ORDERBY, WHERE and JOIN can be used for complex queries. 5. Debugging requires checking the syntax and use EXPLAIN to analyze the query. 6. Optimization suggestions include using indexes, choosing the right data type and good programming habits.

Is MySQL Beginner-Friendly? Assessing the Learning CurveIs MySQL Beginner-Friendly? Assessing the Learning CurveApr 17, 2025 am 12:19 AM

MySQL is suitable for beginners because: 1) easy to install and configure, 2) rich learning resources, 3) intuitive SQL syntax, 4) powerful tool support. Nevertheless, beginners need to overcome challenges such as database design, query optimization, security management, and data backup.

Is SQL a Programming Language? Clarifying the TerminologyIs SQL a Programming Language? Clarifying the TerminologyApr 17, 2025 am 12:17 AM

Yes,SQLisaprogramminglanguagespecializedfordatamanagement.1)It'sdeclarative,focusingonwhattoachieveratherthanhow.2)SQLisessentialforquerying,inserting,updating,anddeletingdatainrelationaldatabases.3)Whileuser-friendly,itrequiresoptimizationtoavoidper

Explain the ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability).Explain the ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability).Apr 16, 2025 am 12:20 AM

ACID attributes include atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability, and are the cornerstone of database design. 1. Atomicity ensures that the transaction is either completely successful or completely failed. 2. Consistency ensures that the database remains consistent before and after a transaction. 3. Isolation ensures that transactions do not interfere with each other. 4. Persistence ensures that data is permanently saved after transaction submission.

MySQL: Database Management System vs. Programming LanguageMySQL: Database Management System vs. Programming LanguageApr 16, 2025 am 12:19 AM

MySQL is not only a database management system (DBMS) but also closely related to programming languages. 1) As a DBMS, MySQL is used to store, organize and retrieve data, and optimizing indexes can improve query performance. 2) Combining SQL with programming languages, embedded in Python, using ORM tools such as SQLAlchemy can simplify operations. 3) Performance optimization includes indexing, querying, caching, library and table division and transaction management.

MySQL: Managing Data with SQL CommandsMySQL: Managing Data with SQL CommandsApr 16, 2025 am 12:19 AM

MySQL uses SQL commands to manage data. 1. Basic commands include SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE. 2. Advanced usage involves JOIN, subquery and aggregate functions. 3. Common errors include syntax, logic and performance issues. 4. Optimization tips include using indexes, avoiding SELECT* and using LIMIT.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
4 weeks agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Chat Commands and How to Use Them
1 months agoBy尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

SublimeText3 English version

SublimeText3 English version

Recommended: Win version, supports code prompts!

WebStorm Mac version

WebStorm Mac version

Useful JavaScript development tools

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux new version

SublimeText3 Linux latest version