mysql 事务的四种隔离级别 !--[if !mso] style v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} /style ![endif]-- ? 我们知道事务有四种特性 ? ( 1 )原
mysql 事务的四种隔离级别?
我们知道事务有四种特性
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(1)原子性:一个事务被视为不可分割的一个单位
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(2)隔离性:事务之间隔离开来,一个事务所做的修改,未提交之前另一个事务是不可见的
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(3)永久性:事务的更改是永久的
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(4)一致性:数据库总是从一个一致性的状态转换到另外一个一致性的状态中
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在此之前,我们来学习一下mysql 如何设置隔离级别
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SELECT@@global.tx_isolation;
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SELECT@@session.tx_isolation;
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SELECT@@tx_isolation;
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set tx_isolation = 'read-uncommited';设置默认隔离级别
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1、默认:下一个事务开始
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2、session:当前链接
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3、global:从此开始,全局都是
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隔离级别:
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(1)Read Uncommited(读未提交):发生脏读
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?客户端A
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开始状态:
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客户端B
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2、客户端A开始事务,但是没有提交,客户端B可以看到
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1)、客户端A的状态:
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客户端B的状态:
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2)开始事务,并在客户端改变值
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3)这时候查看客户端B,可以看到变化,这就是脏读现象
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(2)Read Committed (读提交):容易发生“不可重复读”
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1、首先先改变两边的状态
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客户端A:
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客户端B:
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2、客户端A开始事务,客户端B也开始事务
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3、这时候A更新一条记录,并且提交完毕,B未提交事务,又读了一次,这时候,两次读的数据不一致,导致了不可重复读
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客户端A
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客户端B:
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简单的来说
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客户端A |
客户端B |
事务开始 |
事务开始 |
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读字段name为lin |
更新字段name=qin |
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提交事务 |
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读字段name为qin,两次读都不一致 |
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提交事务 |
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(3)Repeatable Read(可重复读):幻读现象
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简单的用表格表示下:
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客户端A |
客户端B |
事务开始 |
事务开始 |
读name=lin |
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更新name=qin |
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Commit提交事务 |
读name还是为lin |
事务2开始 |
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插入一条数据 |
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1、???????? 改变事务隔离级别
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2、???? 客户端B改变并且提交
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3、???? 客户端A两次读都未发生不可重复读现象
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4、???????? 客户端B插入一条记录(还未提交)
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5、???????? 查看客户端A未发生变化,这时候客户端B提交
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6、???????? 再次查看客户端A的数据,还是没有发生任何问题
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所以mysql到了repeatable read级别之后,没有出现任何问题
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这是因为innoDB存储引擎通过MVCC(多版本控制)解决了幻读的问题。
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