在日常工作中,会简单的使用一下mysql,故对常见命令操作总结一下,常用方式如下 mysqldump 命令的使用: 备份和导出数据库 mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename backup-file.sql 只导出数据库表结构 mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u
在日常工作中,会简单的使用一下mysql,故对常见命令操作总结一下,常用方式如下
mysqldump 命令的使用:
备份和导出数据库
mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename > backup-file.sql
只导出数据库表结构
mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username -p databasename >database_structure.sql
只导出数据库中的某个表
mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -u Username -p databasename tablename > dump.sql
如果不想手工输入密码 请使用--password 参数
mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username --password=123456 --opt databasename > backup-file.sql
mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username --password=123456 databasename >database_structure.sql
mysql 命令使用:
将查询结果保存到文件
select title from book into outfile '/tmp/outfile.txt';
查找表中多余的重复记录,,重复记录是根据某个字段(peopleId)来判断
select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by
peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1);
查询表中不重复记录(排除重复记录)
select * from phome_ecms_wma where title in (select distinct title from phome_ecms_wma);
删除表中重复记录,重复记录是根据某个字段(title)来判断
select *,count(distinct title) INTO OUTFILE '/tmp/table.bak' from phome_ecms_wma group by title;
delete from phome_ecms_wma;
LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/table.bak' REPLACE INTO TABLE phome_ecms_wma character set utf8;
查询数据库当前编码
mysql> show variables like "character_set%";
修改表字段类型
mysql> alter table table_name change last_action last_action datetime NOT NULL default '0000-00-00 00:00:00';
给表添加一个新字段
mysql> ALTER TABLE host ADD ks_mac VARCHAR(100);
从表中删除一个字段
mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name;
重命名表
mysql>alter table t1 rename t2;
给字段加索引
mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[,字段名2 …]);
mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name);
加主关键字的索引
mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id);
加唯一限制条件的索引
mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber);
删除某个索引
mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name;
远程访问mysql 设置
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_test.* to root@192.168.1.9 IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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MySQLstringtypesincludeVARCHAR,TEXT,CHAR,ENUM,andSET.1)VARCHARisversatileforvariable-lengthstringsuptoaspecifiedlimit.2)TEXTisidealforlargetextstoragewithoutadefinedlength.3)CHARisfixed-length,suitableforconsistentdatalikecodes.4)ENUMenforcesdatainte

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ToaddusersinMySQLeffectivelyandsecurely,followthesesteps:1)UsetheCREATEUSERstatementtoaddanewuser,specifyingthehostandastrongpassword.2)GrantnecessaryprivilegesusingtheGRANTstatement,adheringtotheprincipleofleastprivilege.3)Implementsecuritymeasuresl

ToaddanewuserwithcomplexpermissionsinMySQL,followthesesteps:1)CreatetheuserwithCREATEUSER'newuser'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'password';.2)Grantreadaccesstoalltablesin'mydatabase'withGRANTSELECTONmydatabase.TO'newuser'@'localhost';.3)Grantwriteaccessto'

The string data types in MySQL include CHAR, VARCHAR, BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB, and TEXT. The collations determine the comparison and sorting of strings. 1.CHAR is suitable for fixed-length strings, VARCHAR is suitable for variable-length strings. 2.BINARY and VARBINARY are used for binary data, and BLOB and TEXT are used for large object data. 3. Sorting rules such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci ignores upper and lower case and is suitable for user names; utf8mb4_bin is case sensitive and is suitable for fields that require precise comparison.

The best MySQLVARCHAR column length selection should be based on data analysis, consider future growth, evaluate performance impacts, and character set requirements. 1) Analyze the data to determine typical lengths; 2) Reserve future expansion space; 3) Pay attention to the impact of large lengths on performance; 4) Consider the impact of character sets on storage. Through these steps, the efficiency and scalability of the database can be optimized.


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