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MYSQL表空间迁徙

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:14 PM
mysqlreasonspacemigrate

MYSQL表空间迁移。 表空间迁移。 有如下原因你可能需要将 InnoDB 表复制到不同的数据库服务器上。 不增加生产负载的情况下生成 一个报表 在一个新的服务器上建立一个和生产上数据相同的表 做一个备份在发生问题或错误操作时用于恢复 快速将数据从一个服务器迁

MYSQL表空间迁移。

表空间迁移。

有如下原因你可能需要将InnoDB表复制到不同的数据库服务器上。

  • 不增加生产负载的情况下生成 一个报表
  • 在一个新的服务器上建立一个和生产上数据相同的表
  • 做一个备份在发生问题或错误操作时用于恢复
  • 快速将数据从一个服务器迁移到另一个服务器

命令FLUSH TABLES ... FOREXPORT 使.ibd文件保持一致的状态。只有文件处于一致的状态我们才可以复制它。这个文件也会同时创建一个扩展名.cfg的二进制的文件。命令ALTER TABLE ...IMPORT TABLESPACE 会使用这个二进制文件对导入过程进行校验。

对于 MySQL 5.6.8版本, ALTER TABLE ...IMPORT TABLESPACE 命令不再一定需要一个扩展名为.cfg二进制文件了。但如果真的没有这个文件我们会收到下面这样一个警告。

Message:InnoDB: IO Read error: (2, No such file or directory) Error opening '.\

test\t.cfg',will attempt to import without schema verification

1row in set (0.00 sec)

     

这个特性有时候还是很有用的。比如,在模式不匹配的导入过程中,或者在一些需要恢复的情景下,元数据又不能从.ibd文件获得,则这个命令不需要一个扩展名为.cfg的二进制文件就可以导入的特性就很有用。

可迁移表空间的限制:

  • innodb_file_per_table 一定要打开成 ON. 在共享表空间上的表不能使用这个特性。
  • 当表处理静默状态时,只有只读语句可以使用这张表。
  • 当导入表空间时,目的库的页尺寸要和源库的页尺寸相匹配。
  • DISCARD TABLESPACE 不支持分区表。如果你在分区表上使用命令 ALTER     TABLE ... DISCARD TABLESPACE 你会看到如下错误: ERROR 1031 (HY000): 表引擎没有这个选项。
  • DISCARD TABLESPACE 命令不支持有父子关系的表。如果 foreign_key_checks 被设置成1. 在使用命令之前我们可以将这一参数设置为0. foreign_key_checks=0.
  • ALTER     TABLE ... IMPORT TABLESPACE 命令在导入表时不会检查主外键关系。
  • 如果是实时复制的时候, innodb_file_per_table 必需在主服务和从服务上设置为ON

 

下面来看一个实例:

 

 

在源服务器上我们来对city表进行迁移:

1. mysql> use test;C:\C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQLServer 5.6\data\world

2. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQLServer 5.6\data\world>dir

3.  Volume in drive C has no label.

4.  Volume Serial Number is D0FA-F7A0

5.  Directory of C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server5.6\data\world

6. 10/08/2013  03:15 PM   

          .

7. 10/08/2013  03:15 PM   

          ..

8.  10/08/2013  03:15 PM             8,710 city.frm

9.  10/08/2013  03:15 PM           273,293 city.MYD

10.10/08/2013  03:15 PM            43,008 city.MYI

11.10/08/2013  03:15 PM             9,172 country.frm

12.10/08/2013  03:15 PM                 0 country.MYD

13.10/08/2013  03:15 PM             5,120 country.MYI

14.10/08/2013  03:15 PM             8,702 countrylanguage.frm

15.10/08/2013  03:15 PM            38,376 countrylanguage.MYD

16.10/08/2013  03:15 PM            18,432 countrylanguage.MYI

17.10/08/2013  03:15 PM                61 db.opt

18.              10File(s)        404,874 bytes

19.               2 Dir(s)  224,709,537,792 bytes free

20.mysql> use world

21.Database changed

22.mysql> show tables;

23.+-----------------+

24.| Tables_in_world |

25.+-----------------+

26.| city            |

27.| country         |

28.| countrylanguage |

29.+-----------------+

30.3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

31.mysql> flush table cityfor export;

32.ERROR 1031 (HY000): Table storage engine for 'city' doesn't havethis option

33.mysql> alter table cityengine=innodb;

34.mysql> flush table cityfor export; --对表加锁。

35.Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)

36. 

 

 

复制表文件到目标位置

  1. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL     Server 5.6\data\world>mkdir city
  2. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL     Server 5.6\data\world>copy city.* city
  3. city.cfg
  4. city.frm
  5. city.ibd
  6.         3 file(s) copied.
  7. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL     Server 5.6\data\world>cd city
  8. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL     Server 5.6\data\world\city>dir
  9.  Volume in drive C has no label.
  10.  Volume Serial Number is D0FA-F7A0
  11.  Directory of C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL     Server 5.6\data\world\city
  12. 10/10/2013  10:58 AM              .
  13. 10/10/2013  10:58 AM              ..
  14. 10/10/2013  10:53 AM               582 city.cfg
  15. 10/10/2013  10:53 AM             8,710 city.frm
  16. 10/10/2013  10:53 AM           475,136 city.ibd
  17.                3 File(s)        484,428 bytes
  18.                2 Dir(s)  224,676,024,320 bytes free
  19.  

 

在目标库上删除可能存在的同名表空间。

  1. mysql> unlock tables;--释放锁。

2. Query OK, 0 rowsaffected (0.07 sec)

3. mysql> alter table city discard tablespace;删除可能存在的同名表空间

4. Query OK, 0 rowsaffected (0.23 sec)

5. mysql> selectcount(*) from city;

6. ERROR 1814 (HY000):Tablespace has been discarded for table 'city'

7. mysql> alter tablecity import tablespace;

8. ERROR 1146 (42S02):Table 'world.city' doesn't exist

9. C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQLServer 5.6\data\world\city>copy city.* ..

10.city.cfg

11.city.frm

12.Overwrite ..\city.frm? (Yes/No/All): yes

13.Access is denied.

14.city.ibd

15.        2 file(s) copied.

16.C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.6\data\world\city>

17.mysql> alter table city import tablespace;

18.Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.94 sec)

19.mysql> select count(*) from city;

20.+----------+

21.| count(*) |

22.+----------+

23.|     4079 |

24.+----------+

25.1 row in set (0.08 sec)

表空间被成功。

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