以下的文章主要介绍的是MySQL SUSE SLES11安装与配置笔记的实际操作过程，我们是在Linux下两个不同的版本MySQL安装实战（MySQL5和MySQL4）演示，以下就是文章的而具体内容描述。 Redhat9.2 安装MySQL5.0 fedora7安装MySQL (1) 下载 从MySQL官网 下载到最新的
以下的文章主要介绍的是MySQL SUSE SLES11安装与配置笔记的实际操作过程，我们是在Linux下两个不同的版本MySQL安装实战（MySQL5和MySQL4）演示，以下就是文章的而具体内容描述。
Redhat9.2 安装MySQL5.0
fedora7安装MySQL
(1) 下载
从MySQL官网 下载到最新的发行版本5.1.45，简单起见，直接下载SLES11的RPM版本：
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt">MySQL<span>-server-community-5.1.45-1.sles11.i586.rpm </span> </li> <li>MySQL<span>-client-community-5.1.45-1.sles11.i586.rpm </span> </li> <li class="alt">MySQL<span>-shared-community-5.1.45-1.sles11.i586.rpm </span> </li> </ol>
对MySQL版本的选择，个人意见，如果是作为产品首先考虑稳定性和性能，功能够用即可，版本上谨慎保守一些，但是作为一般开发用用，追追新也无所谓。
(2) MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装
1. rpm安装
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span>执行：rpm -ivh MySQL-server-community-5.1.45-1.sles11.i586.rpm </span></li> <li><span>Preparing... ########################################### [100%] </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>1:</span>MySQL<span>-server-community ########################################### [100%] </span> </li> <li>MySQL<span> 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE </span>MySQL<span> root USER ! </span> </li> <li><span>To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>/usr/bin/</span>MySQL<span>admin -u root password 'new-password' </span> </li> <li> <span>/usr/bin/</span>MySQL<span>admin -u root -h ss-server password 'new-password' </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>Alternatively you can run: </span></li> <li> <span>/usr/bin/</span>MySQL<span>_secure_installation </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>which will also give you the option of removing the test </span></li> <li><span>databases and anonymous user created by default. This is </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>strongly recommended for production servers. </span></li> <li><span>See the manual for more instructions. </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/</span>MySQL<span>bug script! </span> </li> <li> <span>Starting </span>MySQL<span>. done </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>Giving </span>MySQL<span>d 2 seconds to start </span> </li> </ol>
使用ps -ef | grep MySQL 可以看到msyqld进行已经启动。netstat -nat 可以看到默认的3306端口已经在监听。rpm的安装的确是够简单。
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
但是这样的默认安装，是没有指定安装路径的，因此MySQL不会MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装到我们期望的地点。因此只好重新来过，先卸载吧：
rpm -e MySQL-server-community-5.1.45-1.sles11
使用--prefix选项重新安装:
rpm -ivh --prefix=/work/soft/database/MySQL/ MySQL-server-community-5.1.45-1.sles11.i586.rpm
结果发生错误：
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span>error: package MySQL-server-community is not relocatable </span></li></ol>
居然不能重新定位MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装路径，这个就麻烦了。只好重新下载tarbell的版本MySQL-5.1.45.tar.gz，自己动手编译。
2. 编译
./configure --prefix=/work/soft/database/MySQL/MySQL5.1 --localstatedir=/work/soft/database/MySQL/MySQLdata --with-charset=utf8 --with-extra-charsets=all --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-MySQLd-ldflags=-all-static --with-unix-socket-path=/work/soft/database/MySQL/tmp/MySQL.sock
configure的过程中出现错误而中断：
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>checking for termcap functions library... configure: error: No curses/termcap library found </span></span></li></ol>
先把这个东西装好
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span>gunzip ncurses-5.7.tar.gz </span></span></li> <li><span>tar xvf ncurses-5.7.tar </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>cd ncurses-5.7/ </span></li> <li><span>./configure </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>make </span></li> <li><span>make install </span></li> </ol>
安装ncurses之后，重新configure成功，继续make,make install完成编译MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装。
然后执行scripts/MySQL_install_db.
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span>Installing MySQL system tables... </span></li> <li><span>OK </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>Filling help tables... </span></li> <li><span>OK </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>To start </span>MySQL<span>d at boot time you have to copy </span> </li> <li> <span>support-files/</span>MySQL<span>.server to the right place for your system </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE </span>MySQL<span> root USER ! </span> </li> <li><span>To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>admin -u root password 'new-password' </span> </li> <li> <span>/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>admin -u root -h ss-server password 'new-password' </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>Alternatively you can run: </span></li> <li> <span>/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>_secure_installation </span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>which will also give you the option of removing the test </span></li> <li><span>databases and anonymous user created by default. This is </span></li> <li class="alt"><span>strongly recommended for production servers. </span></li> <li><span>See the manual for more instructions. </span></li> <li class="alt"> <span>You can start the </span>MySQL<span> daemon with: </span> </li> <li> <span>cd /work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1 ; /work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>d_safe & </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>You can test the </span>MySQL<span> daemon with </span>MySQL<span>-test-run.pl </span> </li> <li> <span>cd /work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/</span>MySQL<span>-test ; perl </span>MySQL<span>-test-run.pl </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>Please report any problems with the /work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>bug script! </span> </li> </ol>
接着很重要的事情，设置MySQLd的开机启动:
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"> <span>cp support-files/MySQL.server /etc/init.d/</span>MySQL<span> </span> </li> <li> <span>chkconfig </span>MySQL<span> on </span> </li> </ol>
为了方便，将MySQL 的bin目录加到PATH中，在/etc/profile中加入myslq/bin，顺便增加两个别名方便操作：
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt">export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$SOFT_ROOT/database/MySQL/MySQL5.1/bin:$PATH </li> <li> <span>alias </span>MySQL<span class="attribute">_start</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"MySQLd_safe&"</span><span> </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>alias </span>MySQL<span class="attribute">_stop</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"MySQLadmin -uroot -p shutdown"</span><span> </span> </li> </ol>
3. 配置
按照普遍推荐的标准设置，需要增加MySQL的user和group：不过上面的MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装过程结束后，发现已经存在名为MySQL的user和group了：
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span>ss-server:/etc # groupadd MySQL </span></li> <li> <span>groupadd: Group `</span>MySQL<span>' already exists. </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>ss-server:/etc # useradd </span>MySQL<span> -g </span>MySQL<span> </span> </li> <li> <span>useradd: Account `</span>MySQL<span>' already exists. </span> </li> </ol>
用ps命令可以看到
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span>ss-server:/etc # ps -ef | grep MySQL </span></li> <li> <span>root 3743 1 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh <br>/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1/bin/</span>MySQL<span>d_safe </span><span class="attribute">--datadir</span><span>=<br>/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>data </span><span class="attribute">--pid-file</span><span>=/<br>work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>data/ss-server.pid </span> </li> <li class="alt">MySQL<span> 3799 3743 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 /work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1<br>/libexec/</span>MySQL<span>d </span><span class="attribute">--basedir</span><span>=/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>5.1 <br></span><span class="attribute">--datadir</span><span>=/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>data </span><span class="attribute">--user</span><span>=</span>MySQL<span> </span><span class="attribute">--log-error<br></span><span>=/work/soft/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>data/ss-server.err </span><span class="attribute">--pid-file</span><span>=/work/soft<br>/database/</span>MySQL<span>/</span>MySQL<span>data/ss-server.pid </span> </li> </ol>
这里MySQLd是以MySQL用户的身份启动的。
以下是标准的MySQL SUSE SLES11 安装设置了
1. 设置root帐户的密码
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt">MySQL<span>admin -u root password 'yourpassword' </span> </li></ol>
2. 本机登录MySQL, 需要做的事情有： 删除本机匿名连接的空密码帐号；容许root用户是不允许远程登录。
<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt">MySQL<span> -uroot -p </span> </li></ol>
然后输入上面设置的密码，登录后在MySQL的命令行中执行：
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt">MySQL<span class="tag">></span>use MySQL; </li> <li>MySQL<span class="tag">></span><span>delete from user where </span><span class="attribute">password</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">""</span><span>; </span> </li> <li class="alt">MySQL<span class="tag">></span><span>update user set </span><span class="attribute">host</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">'%'</span><span> where </span><span class="attribute">user</span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value">'root'</span><span>; </span> </li> <li>MySQL<span class="tag">></span><span>flush privileges; </span> </li> <li class="alt">MySQL<span class="tag">></span><span>quit </span> </li> </ol>
对于root账号，如果考虑安全应该新建其他账号用于远程登录，root账号可以不必开启远程登录。不过对于一般使用，没有太多安全需求，允许root用户远程登录可以方便管理，毕竟使用专用管理软件的图形界面在操作方面要方便的多。
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