MongoDB是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由C++语言编写。旨在为WEB应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。
介绍
MongoDB是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由C++语言编写。旨在为WEB应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。
特点
高性能、易部署、易使用,存储数据非常方便。
主要功能特性有:
使用原理
所谓“面向集合”(Collenction-Oriented),意思是数据被分组存储在数据集中,被称为一个集合(Collenction)。每个集合在数据库中都有一个唯一的标识名,并且可以包含无限数目的文档。集合的概念类似关系型数据库(RDBMS)里的表(table),不同的是它不需要定义任何模式(schema)。
模式自由(schema-free),,意味着对于存储在mongodb数据库中的文件,我们不需要知道它的任何结构定义。如果需要的话,你完全可以把不同结构的文件存储在同一个数据库里。
存储在集合中的文档,被存储为键-值对的形式。键用于唯一标识一个文档,为字符串类型,而值则可以是各种复杂的文件类型。我们称这种存储形式为BSON(Binary JSON)。
准备
1. 下载安装文件。
cd /tmp
wget https://www.mongodb.org/dr//fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.4.10.tgz/download
tar –zxvf download
cd /tmp/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.4.10/bin
cp * /usr/bin/
安装
1. 创建启动用户mongod。
12 groupadd mongod
useradd –g mongod mongod
或
useradd –M –s /sbin/nologin mongod
2. 创建数据库目录。
#日志文件目录
mkdir –p /data/var/log/mongodb/
#数据文件目录
mkdir –p /data/var/lib/mongodb/
#PID文件目录
mkdir –p /data/var/run/mongodb/
3. 修改目录所有者。
cd /data/var
chown –R mongod.mongod log lib run
配置
1. 创建配置文件/etc/mongod.conf。
logpath=/data/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
logappend=true
fork=true
dbpath=/data/var/lib/mongodb
journal=true
directoryperdb = true
auth = true
#replSet = rs_test
#keyFile = /etc/mongo_main.key
2. 若将配置为副本集成员,从另一台成员上拷贝文件。
scp –P 22 /etc/mongod.conf [email protected]:/tmp
scp –P 22 /etc/mongo_main.key [email protected]:/tmp
cp /tmp/mongo_main.key /etc/
cp /tmp/mongod.conf /etc/
chown mongod.mongod /etc/mongo_main.key
3. 创建启动脚本mongod。
scp –P 22 /etc/init.d/mongod [email protected]:/tmp
cp /tmp/mongod /etc/init.d/mongod
chkconfig –level 35 mongod on
4. 修改系统最大打开文件数。
ulimit –n 64000
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
在最后添加:
* soft nofile 64000
* hard nofile 64000
* soft nproc 32000
* hard nproc 32000
vi /etc/profile
在最后添加:
ulimit –n 64000
在启动脚本mongod中也增加ulimit –n 64000
5. 启动服务。
MongoDB 3.0 正式版发布下载
CentOS编译安装MongoDB
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Ubuntu 13.04下安装MongoDB2.4.3
MongoDB入门必读(概念与实战并重)
Ubunu 14.04下MongoDB的安装指南
《MongoDB 权威指南》(MongoDB: The Definitive Guide)英文文字版[PDF]
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MongoDB 的详细介绍:请点这里
MongoDB 的下载地址:请点这里
本文永久更新链接地址:

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