index_ss hint 使用的执行计划变化对比 其中 buffer 代表:当前操作中发生的内存读次数,包含一致性读和当前读 虽然 emp 表记录数不多,但是buffer 读内存的次数差别还是有点大的 SQL select job from emp where ename=SMITH; JOB ------------------ CLERK
index_ss hint 使用的执行计划变化对比
其中 buffer 代表:当前操作中发生的内存读次数,包含一致性读和当前读
虽然 emp 表记录数不多,但是buffer 读内存的次数差别还是有点大的
SQL> select job from emp where ename='SMITH';
JOB
------------------
CLERK
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'))
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID at8ssqpn41css, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ index_ss(emp i_emp)*/ job from emp where ename='SMITH'
Plan hash value: 3956160932
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 8 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("ENAME"='SMITH')
17 rows selected.
----创建一个索引
SQL> create index i_emp on emp(empno, ename);
Index created.
SQL> select /*+ index_ss(emp i_emp)*/ job from emp where ename='SMITH';
JOB
------------------
CLERK
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'))
2 ;
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID ck2pc7bpbzdz8, child number 0
-------------------------------------
select /*+ index_ss(emp i_emp)*/ job from emp where ename='SMITH'
Plan hash value: 98078853
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
|* 2 | INDEX SKIP SCAN | I_EMP | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 2 |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("ENAME"='SMITH')
filter("ENAME"='SMITH')
19 rows selected.

MySQLdiffersfromotherSQLdialectsinsyntaxforLIMIT,auto-increment,stringcomparison,subqueries,andperformanceanalysis.1)MySQLusesLIMIT,whileSQLServerusesTOPandOracleusesROWNUM.2)MySQL'sAUTO_INCREMENTcontrastswithPostgreSQL'sSERIALandOracle'ssequenceandt

MySQL partitioning improves performance and simplifies maintenance. 1) Divide large tables into small pieces by specific criteria (such as date ranges), 2) physically divide data into independent files, 3) MySQL can focus on related partitions when querying, 4) Query optimizer can skip unrelated partitions, 5) Choosing the right partition strategy and maintaining it regularly is key.

How to grant and revoke permissions in MySQL? 1. Use the GRANT statement to grant permissions, such as GRANTALLPRIVILEGESONdatabase_name.TO'username'@'host'; 2. Use the REVOKE statement to revoke permissions, such as REVOKEALLPRIVILEGESONdatabase_name.FROM'username'@'host' to ensure timely communication of permission changes.

InnoDB is suitable for applications that require transaction support and high concurrency, while MyISAM is suitable for applications that require more reads and less writes. 1.InnoDB supports transaction and bank-level locks, suitable for e-commerce and banking systems. 2.MyISAM provides fast read and indexing, suitable for blogging and content management systems.

There are four main JOIN types in MySQL: INNERJOIN, LEFTJOIN, RIGHTJOIN and FULLOUTERJOIN. 1.INNERJOIN returns all rows in the two tables that meet the JOIN conditions. 2.LEFTJOIN returns all rows in the left table, even if there are no matching rows in the right table. 3. RIGHTJOIN is contrary to LEFTJOIN and returns all rows in the right table. 4.FULLOUTERJOIN returns all rows in the two tables that meet or do not meet JOIN conditions.

MySQLoffersvariousstorageengines,eachsuitedfordifferentusecases:1)InnoDBisidealforapplicationsneedingACIDcomplianceandhighconcurrency,supportingtransactionsandforeignkeys.2)MyISAMisbestforread-heavyworkloads,lackingtransactionsupport.3)Memoryengineis

Common security vulnerabilities in MySQL include SQL injection, weak passwords, improper permission configuration, and unupdated software. 1. SQL injection can be prevented by using preprocessing statements. 2. Weak passwords can be avoided by forcibly using strong password strategies. 3. Improper permission configuration can be resolved through regular review and adjustment of user permissions. 4. Unupdated software can be patched by regularly checking and updating the MySQL version.

Identifying slow queries in MySQL can be achieved by enabling slow query logs and setting thresholds. 1. Enable slow query logs and set thresholds. 2. View and analyze slow query log files, and use tools such as mysqldumpslow or pt-query-digest for in-depth analysis. 3. Optimizing slow queries can be achieved through index optimization, query rewriting and avoiding the use of SELECT*.


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