随着Hive 0.10版的发布,GROUPING SETS出现了,并提供了ROLL UP和CUBE这两个特殊场景的子句,真是喜闻乐见的特性
随着Hive 0.10版的发布,GROUPING SETS出现了,并提供了ROLL UP和CUBE这两个特殊场景的子句,真是喜闻乐见的特性啊。不过最近在写两个HQL查询脚本的时候,我发现,对表达式进行GROUP BY并用GROUPING SETS自定义这些表达式的分组方式时,GROUPING SETS好像会出现解析异常:
FAILED: ParseException line 66:14 missing ) at ',' near ')' in subquery source line 66:80 mismatched input ',' expecting ) near ')' in subquery source以下是GROUP子句的片段:
group by t1.my_month, t1.product, t1.usr_type, if(t3.earliest_logtime_monthly = '20140101', 'new_usr', 'old_usr'), if(t2.CTClass = 105, t1.ipcountry, t1.ipprovince), t1.ChannelID grouping sets ((t1.my_month, t1.usr_type, t1.ChannelID), (t1.my_month, t1.product, t1.usr_type, t1.ChannelID), (t1.my_month, if(t3.earliest_logtime_monthly = '20140101', 'new_usr', 'old_usr'), t1.ChannelID), (t1.my_month, t1.product, if(t3.earliest_logtime_monthly = '20140101', 'new_usr', 'old_usr'), t1.ChannelID), (t1.my_month, if(t2.Dim_CityClass = 105, t1.ipcountry, t1.ipprovince), t1.ChannelID), (t1.my_month, t1.product, if(t2.CTClass = 105, t1.ipcountry, t1.ipprovince), t1.ChannelID))去掉GROUPING SETS子句后脚本就正常,而且看了半天也没看出来GROUPING SETS子句里这样的组合方式有什么逻辑错误。
理论上,表达式和字段应该一样,可以出现在GROUPING SETS子句里并进行任意组合,对一些表达式的实测结果也表明GROUPING SETS里确实是支持表达式的。
这样的情况,使我怀疑GROUPING SETS子句的括号匹配逻辑没做得很完善,导致了括号配对抛出异常。不过,具体的问题,还是需要通过研究一下Hive实现源码来进一步确定这到底是不是一个BUG。
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2014-04-28
今天发现,好像是限定性名称的原因呢!就和Java的switch...case的case子句一样,case子句里的枚举值不能用限定性名称(EnumType.EnumValue1),只能用非限定性名称(EnumValue1)!难道grouping sets的Java实现涉及到switch...case子句?有待研究。

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

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MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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