VC小技巧20个 1. 打开CD-ROM mciSendString(Set cdAudio door openwait,NULL,0,NULL); 2. 关闭CD_ROM mciSendString(Set cdAudio door closedwait,NULL,0,NULL); 3. 关闭计算机 OSVERSIONINFO OsVersionInfo; // 包含操作系统版本信息的数据结构 OsVersionIn
VC小技巧20个
1. 打开CD-ROM
mciSendString("Set cdAudio door openwait",NULL,0,NULL);
2. 关闭CD_ROM
mciSendString("Set cdAudio door closedwait",NULL,0,NULL);
3. 关闭计算机
OSVERSIONINFO OsVersionInfo; //包含操作系统版本信息的数据结构
OsVersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
GetVersionEx(&OsVersionInfo); //获取操作系统版本信息
if(OsVersionInfo.dwPlatformId ==VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS)
{
//Windows98,调用ExitWindowsEx()函数重新启动计算机
DWORD dwReserved;
ExitWindowsEx(EWX_REBOOT,dwReserved);//可以改变第一个参数,实现注销用户、
//关机、关闭电源等操作
// 退出前的一些处理程序
}
4. 重启计算机
typedef int (CALLBACK *SHUTDOWNDLG)(int); //显示关机对话框函数的指针
HINSTANCE hInst = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");//装入shell32.dll
SHUTDOWNDLG ShutDownDialog; //指向shell32.dll库中显示关机对话框函数的指针
if(hInst != NULL)
{
//获得函数的地址并调用之
ShutDownDialog =(SHUTDOWNDLG)GetProcAddress(hInst,(LPSTR)60);
(*ShutDownDialog)(0);
}
5. 枚举所有字体
LOGFONT lf;
lf.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET; // Initialize the LOGFONTstructure
strcpy(lf.lfFaceName,"");
CClientDC dc (this);
//Enumerate the font families
::EnumFontFamiliesEx((HDC) dc,&lf,
(FONTENUMPROC) EnumFontFamProc,(LPARAM) this,0);
//枚举函数
int CALLBACK EnumFontFamProc(LPENUMLOGFONTlpelf,LPNEWTEXTMETRIC
lpntm,DWORD nFontType,long lparam)
{
// Create a pointer to the dialogwindow
CDay7Dlg* pWnd = (CDay7Dlg*) lparam;
// add the font name to the list box
pWnd->m_ctlFontList.AddString(lpelf ->elfLogFont.lfFaceName);
// Return 1 to continue fontenumeration
return 1;
}
其中m_ctlFontList是一个列表控件变量
6. 一次只运行一个程序实例,如果已运行则退出
if( FindWindow(NULL,"程序标题")) exit(0);
7. 得到当前鼠标所在位置
CPoint pt;
GetCursorPos(&pt); //得到位置
8. 上下文菜单事件触发事件:
OnContextMenu事件
9. 显示和隐藏程序菜单
CWnd *pWnd=AfxGetMainWnd();
if(b_m) //隐藏菜单
{
pWnd->SetMenu(NULL);
pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
b_m=false;
}
else
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MAINFRAME); ////显示菜单也可改变菜单项
pWnd->SetMenu(&menu);
pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
b_m=true;
menu.Detach();
}
10. 获取可执行文件的图标
HICON
hIcon=::ExtractIcon(AfxGetInstanceHandle(),_T("NotePad.exe"),0);
if (hIcon &&hIcon!=(HICON)-1)
{
pDC->DrawIcon(10,10,hIcon);
}
DestroyIcon(hIcon);
11. 窗口自动靠边程序演示
BOOL AdjustPos(CRect* lpRect)
{
//自动靠边
intiSX=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);
intiSY=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
RECT rWorkArea;
BOOL bResult =SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA,
sizeof(RECT), &rWorkArea, 0);
CRect rcWA;
if(!bResult)
{
//如果调用不成功就利用GetSystemMetrics获取屏幕面积
rcWA=CRect(0,0,iSX,iSY);
}
else
rcWA=rWorkArea;
int iX=lpRect->left;
int iY=lpRect->top;
if(iX
{
//调整左
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,rcWA.left,iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.left-iX,0);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iY
{
//调整上
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,iX,rcWA.top,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.top-iY);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iX + lpRect->Width() >rcWA.right - DETASTEP && iX
!=rcWA.right-lpRect->Width())
{
//调整右
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL
,rcWA.right-rcW.Width(),iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.right-lpRect->right,0);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iY + lpRect->Height() >rcWA.bottom - DETASTEP && iY
!=rcWA.bottom-lpRect->Height())
{
//调整下
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL
,iX,rcWA.bottom-rcW.Height(),0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.bottom-lpRect->bottom);
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
//然后在ONMOVEING事件中使用所下过程调用
CRect r=*pRect;
AdjustPos(&r);
*pRect=(RECT)r;
12. 给系统菜单添加一个菜单项
给系统菜单添加一个菜单项需要进行下述三个步骤:
首先,使用Resource Symbols对话(在View菜单中选择Resource Symbols ...可以显示该对话)定义菜单项ID,该ID应大于0x0F而小于0xF000;
其次,调用CWnd::GetSystemMenu获取系统菜单的指针并调用CWnd::Appendmenu将菜单项添加到菜单中。下例给系统菜单添加两个新的菜单项。
int CMainFrame:: OnCreate (LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
…
//Make sure system menu item is in theright range.
ASSERT(IDM_MYSYSITEM
//Get pointer to system menu.
CMenu* pSysMenu=GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
ASSERT_VALID(pSysMenu);
//Add a separator and our menu item tosystem menu.
CString StrMenuItem(_T ("New menuitem"));
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,IDM_MYSYSITEM, StrMenuItem);
…
}
13. 运行其它程序
//运行EMAIL或网址
char szMailAddress[80];
strcpy(szMailAddress,"");
ShellExecute(NULL, "open", szMailAddress, NULL,NULL,
SW_SHOWNORMAL);
//2、运行可执行程序
WinExec("notepad.exe",SW_SHOW); //运行记事本
14. 动态增加或删除菜单
(1) 增加菜单
//添加
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);//添加分隔符
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu
(0))->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_APP_ABOUT,_T("Alwayson &Top"));
//添加新的菜单项
DrawMenuBar(); //重画菜单
(2) 删除菜单
//删除
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单
CString str ;
for(int i=(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuItemCount()-1;i>=0;i--)
//取得菜单的项数。
{
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu(0))->GetMenuString(i,str,MF_BYPOSITION);
//MF_BYPOSITION的解释见上。
if(str=="Always on&Top") //如果是刚才我们增加的菜单项,则删除。
{
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->DeleteMenu(i,MF_BYPOSITION);
break;
}
}
15. 测试ALT键是否按下:
GetKeyState(VK_MENU);
GetAlt();
16. 检查是否按下鼠标左键
if((nFlags&MK_LBUTTON)==MK_LBUTTON)
17. 检查键盘输入
在OnKeyDown中的参数nChar是一个数值,当显示的时候,需要转换成字符,使用如下的命令:
char lsChar;
lsChar=char(nChar);
if(lsChar=='A');
{
.......
}
18. 调用另一个函数::GetKeyState(),用一个特定的键代码来确定法键是否被按下。如果::GetKeyState函数的返回值是负的,表示该键被按下。如果返回值是非负的,表示该留未被按下。例如:如果要确定shift键是否被按下,可以使用下面的代码:
if(::GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)
{
AfxMessageBox("shift ispressed");
}
19. 如何在编程的过程中随时结束应用程序(常规)
1)需要向窗口发送 WM_CLOSE/WM_QUIT消息,
调用 CWnd::OnClose成员函数并允许对用户提示是否保存修改过的数据.
AfxGetMainWnd()->SendMessage(WM_CLOSE); //别忘了先得到当前窗口的指针
2)使用函数: void PostQuitMessage( int nExitCode // exit code );
3)使用标准函数:void exit( int status ); //尽量不要在MFC中使用
20. 得到屏幕的尺寸大小
HWND hWnd;
CRect Rect;
hWnd = ::GetDesktopWindow();
::GetClientRect(hWnd, &Rect);
//---------------------------------------------------------
如何查询和设置系统参数
在Windows 3.1SDK中介绍过SDK函数SystemParametersInfo,调用该函数可以查询和设置系统参数,诸如按键的重复速率设置、鼠标双击延迟时间、图标字体以及桌面覆盖位图等等。
//Create a font that is used for icon titles.
LOGFONT stFont; :: SystemParametersInfo(SPIF_GETICONTITLELOGFONT,
sizeof (LOGFONT), &stFont,SPIF_SENDWININICHANGE);
m_font.CreateFontIndirect (&stFont); //Change thewallpaper to leaves.bmp.
:: SystemParametersInfo (SPI_SETDESKWALLPAPER, 0,
_T("forest.bmp"),SPIF_UPDATEINIFILE);
//---------------------------------------------------------
如何使用一个预定义的Windows光标?调用CWinApp:: LoadStandardCursor并传送光标标识符。
BOOL CSampleDialog:: OnSetCursor(CWnd* pWnd, UINT nHitTest,
UINT message) { //Display wait cursor if busy.
if (m_bBusy) {
SetCursor (AfxGetApp () ->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_WAIT));
return TRUE; }
return CDialog:: OnSetCursor (pWnd. nHitTest,message); }

InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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