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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle中编码与字符转换

Oracle中编码与字符转换

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:25 PM
dumporaclercharactercodingConvert

函数式: DUMP(expr[,return_fmt[,start_position][,length]]) 基本参数时4个,最少可以填的参数是0个。当完全没有参数时,直接返回null。另外3个参数也都有各自的默认: expr:这个参数是要进行分析的表达式(数字或字符串等,可以是各个类型的) return_fm

函数式:

DUMP(expr[,return_fmt[,start_position][,length]])

基本参数时4个,最少可以填的参数是0个。当完全没有参数时,直接返回null。另外3个参数也都有各自的默认值:
expr:这个参数是要进行分析的表达式(数字或字符串等,可以是各个类型的值)
return_fmt:指返回参数的格式,有5种用法:
1)8:以8进制返回结果的值
2)10:以10进制返回结果的值(默认)
3)16:以16进制返回结果的值
4)17:以单字符的形式返回结果的值
5)1000:以上4种加上1000,表示在返回值中加上当前字符集
start_position:开始进行返回的字符位置
length:需要返回的字符长度

示例

sql> select dump('abc') from dual;

DUMP('ABC')
----------------------
Typ=96 Len=3: 97,98,99

sql> select dump('abc',16) from dual;

DUMP('ABC',16)
----------------------
Typ=96 Len=3: 61,62,63

sql> select dump('abc',1016) from dual;

DUMP('ABC',1016)
--------------------------------------------
Typ=96 Len=3 CharacterSet=ZHS16GBK: 61,62,63

sql> select dump('abc',17,2,2) from dual;

DUMP('ABC',17,2,2
-----------------
Typ=96 Len=3: b,c

结果的格式一般都是类似:Typ=96 Len=3 [CharacterSet=ZHS16GBK]: 61,62,63

type

typ表示当前的expr值的类型。如:2表示NUMBER,96表示CHAR。

CODE TYP
----- ------------------------------
1     VARCHAR2
2     NUMBER
8     LONG
12    DATE
23    RAW
24    LONG RAW
69    ROWID
96    CHAR
112   CLOB
113   BLOB
114   BFILE
180   TIMESTAMP
181   TIMESTAMP WITH TIMEZONE
182   INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH
183   INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND
208   UROWID
231   TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIMEZONE

len
len表示该值所占用的字节数。
对于汉字,ZHS16GBK编码一个汉字需要2个字节,UTF8需要3个字节。

Value
具体的存储值。返回的数值就是Oracle在自己内部对前面的这个expr值得存储形式。对于非汉字的普通字符串,可以理解为就是它的ASCII码。

SQL>  select to_number('3230','xxxx')from dual;

TO_NUMBER('3230','XXXX')
------------------------
                   12848
SQL>   select to_number('3430','xxxx')from dual;

TO_NUMBER('3430','XXXX')
------------------------
                   13360
SQL>      select to_number('3036','xxxx')from dual;

TO_NUMBER('3036','XXXX')
------------------------
                   12342

SQL>
SQL>      select chr(12848)from dual;

CHR(12848)
----------
20
SQL>       select chr(13360)from dual;

CHR(13360)
----------
40
SQL>      select chr(12342)from dual;

CHR(12342)
----------
06

将CHR(12848)+CHR(13360)+CHR(12342)=204006

utl_raw.cast_to_xxx()作为dump的逆函数

sql>select dump('201201',16) from dual;
dump('201201',16)
---------------------------------------------------------
Typ=96 Len=6: 32,30,31,32,30,31

sql>select utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2('323031323031') value from dual
201201 
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