在docker学习笔记(1)中,我们提到了通过commit 的命令来提交新的image,下面我们来通过Dockerfile文件来生成image,而且使用Dockerfile,很方便移植。 一、Dockerfile中几个常用的指令: (1)FROM 式: FROM image 或者 FROM image:tag (2)MAINTAINER
在docker学习笔记(1)中,我们提到了通过commit 的命令来提交新的image,下面我们来通过Dockerfile文件来生成image,而且使用Dockerfile,很方便移植。
一、Dockerfile中几个常用的指令:
(1)FROM
格式:
FROM <image></image>或者
FROM <image>:<tag></tag></image>
(2)MAINTAINER
格式:
MAINTAINER <name></name>
说明:设置生成image的作者
(3)RUN
格式:
使用shell 的形式
RUN <command></command>或 使用exec的形式
RUN ["executable", "param1", "param2"]
说明:RUN指令会在当前的Image上的新一层layer执行指令,并提交结果。这些结果会在Dockerfile的下一步中使用到。
(4)CMD
格式:
CMD ["executable","param1","param2"]或
CMD ["param1","param2"]或
CMD command param1 param2
说明:CMD指令会在启动container时执行服务,例如一个命令,启动一个服务,或启动一个脚本之类的。
注意:一个Dockerfile文件只能有一个CMD指令,如果有多条,则只有最后一条有效。
(5)ADD
格式:
ADD <src> .... <dest></dest></src>
说明:
如果要ADD本地文件,则本地文件必须在 docker build
如果要ADD远程文件,则远程文件必须在 docker build
(6)VOLUME
格式:
VOLUME ["/data"]说明:可以将本地文件夹或者其他container的文件夹挂载到container中。
二、例子
下面的Dockerfile创建一个基于ubuntu:precise的镜像。
通过docker build -t ubuntu:base . 命令执行。
#Authro:wgc #Data:2014-10-24 #Introduction:Build basic development From ubuntu:precise # Set correct source list RUN echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe" > /etc/apt/sources.list RUN echo "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main universe" >> /etc/apt/sources.list # Install a few other useful packages plus Open Jdk 7 RUN apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y && apt-get install -y openjdk-7-jdk wget vim sudo openssh-server # Add hadoop_files ADD files /root/hadoop_files/ # Set JAVA_HOME ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64 RUN echo export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64 >> /root/.bashrc # Download hadoop ADD https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/common/hadoop-1.0.4/hadoop-1.0.4-bin.tar.gz /root/
参考:
(1)docs.docker.com/reference/builder/
(2)http://blog.csdn.net/wsscy2004/article/details/25878223
(3)tonybai.com/tag/博客/

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