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HomeDatabaseMysql TutorialOracle数据库中的varchar,varchar2,nvarchar,nvarchar2区别及用

【varchar,varchar2 】 联系: 1. varchar/varchar2用于存储可变长度的字符串 比如 varchar(20),存入字符串'abc', 则数据库中该字段只占3个字节,而不是20个字节 2. size 的最大是 4000,而最小是 1,其表示字节数, 比如 varchar(20)表示最大可以存放2

【varchar,varchar2

联系:

1.  varchar/varchar2用于存储可变长度的字符串

     比如 varchar(20),存入字符串'abc',

     则数据库中该字段只占3个字节,而不是20个字节

2.  size 的最大值是 4000,而最小值是 1,其值表示字节数,

     比如 varchar(20)表示最大可以存放20个字节的内容


区别:

1.  varchar2把所有字符都占两字节处理(一般情况下),

     varchar只对汉字和全角等字符占两字节,数字,英文字符等都是一个字节;

2.  VARCHAR2把空串等同于null处理,而varchar仍按照空串处理;
3.  VARCHAR2字符要用几个字节存储,要看数据库使用的字符集,
     比如GBK,汉字就会占两个字节,英文1个
     如果是UTF-8,汉字一般占3个字节,英文还是1个。

     但是一般情况下,我们都认为是两个字节处理,

     因为oracle安装时候默认我们都选择GBK的编码格式,

     但是我们在页面做输入字符串长度的校验的时候,

     还是以数据库设计字段最大长度除3来作为最大长度

      -----防止数据库移植时设置不同编码格式;

     比如:VARCHAR2(10),一般情况下最多存放5个汉字,10个字符

--nvarchar,nvarchar2
联系:
1.  nvarchar/nvarchar2用于存储可变长度的字符串
2.  size 的最大值是 4000,而最小值是 1,其值表示字符的个数,而不是字节数
3.  这两种类型更适合存储中文


区别:
1.nvarchar中字符为中文则一般按2个字节计算,英文数字等按照一个自己计算
2.nvarchar2中所有字符均按照2个字节计算;
3.nvarchar2虽然更占空间,但是它有更好的兼容性,所有推荐使用;



VARCHAR2(size)

可变长度的字符串,其最大长度为size个字节;size的最大值是4000,而最小值是1;你必须指定一个VARCHAR2的size;

NVARCHAR2(size)

可变长度的字符串,依据所选的国家字符集,其最大长度为size个字符或字节;size的最大值取决于储存每个字符所需的字节数,其上限为4000;你必须指定一个NVARCHAR2的size;
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