mysql命令行导入sql文件到指定数据库的方法
欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 第四章: ls 有一些我们常用的参数, 比如我们要知道当前目录的所有内容, 包括隐藏文件夹和文件和所有属性, 例 [root@AY130410135131135089 logs]# ls boot2013-06.log 使用 ls 命令的“-l”选项,则
欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入
第四章:
ls 有一些我们常用的参数, 比如我们要知道当前目录的所有内容, 包括隐藏文件夹和文件和所有属性, 例
[root@AY130410135131135089 logs]# ls
boot2013-06.log
使用 ls 命令的“-l”选项,则结果以长模式输出:
[root@AY130410135131135089 logs]# ls -l
total 8
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 5975 Jun 15 17:34 boot2013-06.log
显示隐藏文件:
[root@AY130410135131135089 logs]# ls -a
. .. boot2013-06.log
命令 选项 参数
command -options arguments
下面这个例子,ls 命令有两个选项, “l” 选项产生长格式输出,“t”选项按文件修改时间的先后来排序。
[me@linuxbox ~]$ ls -lt
确定一个文件什么文件类型我们用 file, 使用方法如下
[root@AY130410135131135089 logs]# file boot2013-06.log
boot2013-06.log: ASCII text
[root@AY130410135131135089 assets]# file world.swf
world.swf: Macromedia Flash data (compressed), version 10
用 less 浏览文件内容
[me@linuxbox ~]$ less /etc/passwd
TODO 表 4-3: less 命令 需要截图哦。
小提示:记得复制和粘贴技巧!如果你正在使用鼠标,双击文件名,来复制它,然后按下鼠标中键,粘贴文件名到命令行中。
Symbolic Links符号链接
Hard Links硬链接
第五章:操作文件和目录
cp ― 复制文件和目录
mv ― 移动/重命名文件和目录
mkdir ― 创建目录
rm ― 删除文件和目录
ln ― 创建硬链接和符号链接 TODO没搞懂 和Window快捷键的区别联系 点击打开链接
cp ― 复制文件和目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ cp item1 item2 # 把item复制到directory目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ cp file1 file2 # 复制file1到file2
jiangge@localhost:~$ cp -i file1 file2 # 复制过程中如果有这个文件提示是否覆盖
jiangge@localhost:~$ cp dir1/* dir2 # 复制目录下所有文件或目录到目标目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ cp -r dir1 dir2 # 递归复制
mkdir ― 创建目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ mkdir dir
jiangge@localhost:~$ mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3 # 创建多个文件夹
jiangge@localhost:~$ mkdir -p /dir1/dir2/dir3 # 递归创建文件夹
mv ― 移动/重命名文件和目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ mv file1 file2 # 重命名
jiangge@localhost:~$ mv -i file1 file2 # 如果存在提示是否写入
jiangge@localhost:~$ mv file1 file2 dir1 # 移动 file1 file2 至 dir1
jiangge@localhost:~$ mv dir1 dir2 # 移动 dir1 至 dir2
rm ― 删除文件和目录
jiangge@localhost:~$ rm file1
jiangge@localhost:~$ rm file1 dir1
jiangge@localhost:~$ rm -r dir1 #删除文件夹, 递归删除
jiangge@localhost:~$ rm -rf dir1 强制删除
表5-3:通配符范例
模式 匹配对象
* 所有文件
g* 文件名以“g”开头的文件
b*.txt 以"b"开头,中间有零个或任意多个字符,并以".txt"结尾的文件
Data??? 以“Data”开头,其后紧接着3个字符的文件
[abc]* 文件名以"a","b",或"c"开头的文件
BACKUP.[0-9][0-9][0-9] 以"BACKUP."开头,并紧接着3个数字的文件
[[:upper:]]* 以大写字母开头的文件
[![:digit:]]* 不以数字开头的文件
*[[:lower:]123] 文件名以小写字母结尾,或以 “1”,“2”,或 “3” 结尾的文件
表5-4:cp 选项
选项 意义
-a, --archive 复制文件和目录,以及它们的属性,包括所有权和权限。 通常,复本具有用户所操作文件的默认属性。
-i, --interactive 在重写已存在文件之前,提示用户确认。如果这个选项不指定, cp 命令会默认重写文件。
-r, --recursive 递归地复制目录及目录中的内容。当复制目录时, 需要这个选项(或者-a 选项)。
-u, --update 当把文件从一个目录复制到另一个目录时,仅复制 目标目录中不存在的文件,或者是文件内容新于目标目录中已经存在的文件。
-v, --verbose 显示翔实的命令操作信息
表 5―5: cp 实例
命令 运行结果
cp file1 file2 复制文件 file1内容到文件 file2。如果 file2已经存在,file2的内容会被 file1的 内容重写。如果 file2不存在,则会创建 file2。
cp -i file1 file2 这条命令和上面的命令一样,除了如果文件 file2存在的话,在文件 file2被重写之前, 会提示用户确认信息。
cp file1 file2 dir1 复制文件 file1和文件 file2到目录 dir1。目录 dir1必须存在。
cp dir1/* dir2 使用一个通配符,在目录 dir1中的所有文件都被复制到目录 dir2中。 dir2必须已经存在。
cp -r dir1 dir2 复制目录 dir1中的内容到目录 dir2。如果目录 dir2不存在, 创建目录 dir2,操作完成后,目录 dir2中的内容和 dir1中的一样。 如果目录 dir2存在,则目录 dir1(和目录中的内容)将会被复制到 dir2中。
第六章:点击打开链接
type - 解读一个命令
which - 显示哪些是可执行程序,which 确定一个可执行程序的位置
man - 显示命令手册
apropos - 显示一个合适的命令列表
info - 显示一个命令信息
whatis - 显示非常简短的描述一个命令
alias - 为命令创建一个别名
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ type type
type is a shell builtin
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ type ls
ls is aliased to `ls --color=tty'
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ type cp
cp is hashed (/bin/cp)
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ which ls #which 确定一个可执行程序的位置
alias ls='ls --color=tty'
/bin/ls
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ which vim
/usr/bin/vim
help 获得帮助信息, 在每个shell命令的后面加上--help参数, 如
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ ls --help
Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort.
[shijiangge@localhost test]$ help cd
cd: cd [-L|-P] [dir]
Change the current directory to DIR. The variable $HOME is the
default DIR.
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MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

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SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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