mysql与oracle 表字段定义比较 说明 mysql oracle VARCHAR 变长字符串 VARCHAR[0-65535] 定义长度默认按字符长度计算,如果是 GBK 编码的汉字将占用 2 个字节 VARCHAR2[1-4000] VARCHAR 是 VARCHAR2 的同义词 定义默认按字节长度计算 TINYINT SMALLINT MEDIU
mysql与oracle 表字段定义比较
|
说明 |
mysql |
oracle |
VARCHAR |
变长字符串 |
VARCHAR[0-65535] 定义长度默认按字符长度计算,如果是GBK编码的汉字将占用2个字节 |
VARCHAR2[1-4000] 定义默认按字节长度计算 |
TINYINT SMALLINT MEDIUMINT INT |
整数 |
TINYINT(-128-127) SMALLINT(-32768-32767) MEDIUMINT(-8388608-8388607) INT(-2147483648-2147483647) |
无专用类型, TINYINT可以用NUMBER(3,0)代替 SMALLINT可以用NUMBER(5,0)代替 MEDUIMINT可以用NUMBER(7,0)代替 INT可以用NUMBER(10,0)代替 BIGINT可以用NUMBER(20,0)代替 ORACLE中有SMALLINT,INT,INTEGER类型,不过这是NUMBER(38,0)的同义词 |
DECIMAL |
数值类型 |
DECIMAL[1-65[,0-30]] |
NUMBER 可表示数范围: 1*10^-130至1*10^126 NUMBER([1-38][,-84-127])
DECIMAL、NUMERIC、DEC是NUMBER的同义词 |
FLOAT |
浮点型 |
FLOAT(D,M) |
oracle10g开始增加BINARY_FLOAT类型 10g以前无专用类型,可以用NUMBER代替 ORACLE中有FLOAT和REAL类型,不过这是NUMBER的同义词 |
DOUBLE |
双精度浮点型 |
DOUBLE(D,M) |
oracle10g开始增加BINARY_DOUBLE类型 10g以前无专用类型,可以用NUMBER代替 ORACLE中有DOUBLE PRECISION类型,不过这是NUMBER的同义词 |
BIT |
位类型 |
BIT(1-64) |
无 |
DATETIME |
日期类型 |
DATE,3字节存储,只存储日期,没有时间,支持范围是[1000-01-01]至[9999-12-31] |
DATE类型 |
TIMESTAMP |
高精度日期 |
5.6.4以前不支持小数秒精度 |
TIMESTAMP[0-9] |
YEAR |
年份 |
YEAR,1字节存储,只存储年份,支持范围是[1901]至[2155] |
无对应类型,可以用NUMBER(3,0)代替 |
CHAR |
定长字符串 |
CHAR[0-255],定义长度默认按字符长度计算,最大保存255字符 |
CHAR[1-2000] 定义默认按字节长度计算 |
UNSIGNED |
无符号说明 |
支持,用于数值类型 |
不支持 |
CLOB |
大字符串,一般用于存储文本文件或超大描述及备注类信息 |
TINYTEXT 最大支持255个字节 |
支持(CLOB) oracle10g开始最大支持4GB个数据块,数据块大小为2KB-32KB oracle还有一个LONG类型,是早期的存储大字符串类型,最大支持2GB字节,现已不推荐使用 |
BLOB |
大二进制对象,一般用于存储文件或图片数据 |
TINYBLOB 最大支持255个字节 LONGBLOB最大支持4GB字节
字段不支持默认值 |
支持(BLOB) oracle10g以前最大支持4GB个字节 oracle10g开始最大支持4G个数据块,数据块大小为2KB-32KB oracle还有一个LONG RAW类型,是早期的存储二进制类型,最大支持2GB字节,现已不推荐使用 |
BINARY |
二进制信息 |
BINARY(0-255),定长 |
RAW(1-2000) |
ENUM |
枚举类型 |
ENUM(v1,v2,v3,...),最多65535个元素 |
不支持 |
SET |
集合类型 |
SET(v1,v2,v3,...),最多64个元素 |
不支持 |
NATIONAL CHAR |
国际化字符集类型,较少使用 |
无,MYSQL可以对每个字段指定字符编码 |
支持 |
BFILE |
外部文件指针类型 |
不支持 |
支持 |
自定义数据类型 |
|
不支持 |
支持 |
XML类型 |
|
不支持 |
支持 |
自增类型 |
自动增长类型 |
支持 |
不支持 |
字段默认值表达式 |
|
不支持函数和表达式 |
支持函数和表达式 |
字段顺序修改 |
|
支持,例如,把emp表的id字段顺序放在name字段后面: |
不支持,只能重建表或字段 |
虚拟字段 |
虚拟字段是一个逻辑字段定义,其结果值通常是一个表达式,并在表中存储物理值,不占用空间,主要用于简化查询逻辑。比如有一个商品销售表有单价和数量两个字段,那可以建一个虚拟字段金额,其表达式=单价*数量 |
不支持 |
11g支持,例: |
表字段数限制 |
|
INNODB 最大1000个字段 |
最大1000个字段 |
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InnoDBBufferPool reduces disk I/O by caching data and indexing pages, improving database performance. Its working principle includes: 1. Data reading: Read data from BufferPool; 2. Data writing: After modifying the data, write to BufferPool and refresh it to disk regularly; 3. Cache management: Use the LRU algorithm to manage cache pages; 4. Reading mechanism: Load adjacent data pages in advance. By sizing the BufferPool and using multiple instances, database performance can be optimized.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL is worth learning because it is a powerful open source database management system suitable for data storage, management and analysis. 1) MySQL is a relational database that uses SQL to operate data and is suitable for structured data management. 2) The SQL language is the key to interacting with MySQL and supports CRUD operations. 3) The working principle of MySQL includes client/server architecture, storage engine and query optimizer. 4) Basic usage includes creating databases and tables, and advanced usage involves joining tables using JOIN. 5) Common errors include syntax errors and permission issues, and debugging skills include checking syntax and using EXPLAIN commands. 6) Performance optimization involves the use of indexes, optimization of SQL statements and regular maintenance of databases.

MySQL is suitable for beginners to learn database skills. 1. Install MySQL server and client tools. 2. Understand basic SQL queries, such as SELECT. 3. Master data operations: create tables, insert, update, and delete data. 4. Learn advanced skills: subquery and window functions. 5. Debugging and optimization: Check syntax, use indexes, avoid SELECT*, and use LIMIT.

MySQL efficiently manages structured data through table structure and SQL query, and implements inter-table relationships through foreign keys. 1. Define the data format and type when creating a table. 2. Use foreign keys to establish relationships between tables. 3. Improve performance through indexing and query optimization. 4. Regularly backup and monitor databases to ensure data security and performance optimization.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in Web development. Its key features include: 1. Supports multiple storage engines, such as InnoDB and MyISAM, suitable for different scenarios; 2. Provides master-slave replication functions to facilitate load balancing and data backup; 3. Improve query efficiency through query optimization and index use.

SQL is used to interact with MySQL database to realize data addition, deletion, modification, inspection and database design. 1) SQL performs data operations through SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE statements; 2) Use CREATE, ALTER, DROP statements for database design and management; 3) Complex queries and data analysis are implemented through SQL to improve business decision-making efficiency.

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA


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