正则表达式速记理解技巧 四个字符是所有语言都支持的正则表达式,所以这个四个是基础的正则表达式。正则难理解因为里面有一个等价的概念,这个概念大大增加了理解难度,让很多初学者看起来会蒙,如果把等价都恢复成原始写法,自己书写正则就超级简单了,就像
正则表达式速记理解技巧
四个字符是所有语言都支持的正则表达式,所以这个四个是基础的正则表达式。正则难理解因为里面有一个等价的概念,这个概念大大增加了理解难度,让很多初学者看起来会蒙,如果把等价都恢复成原始写法,自己书写正则就超级简单了,就像说话一样去写你的正则了:
等价:
?,*,+,\d,\w 都是等价字符
?等价于匹配长度{0,1}
*等价于匹配长度{0,}
+等价于匹配长度{1,}
\d等价于[0-9]
\w等价于[A-Za-z_0-9]。
常用运算符与表达式:
^ 开始
() 域段
[] 包含,默认是一个字符长度
[^] 不包含,默认是一个字符长度
{n,m} 匹配长度
. 任何单个字符(\. 字符点)
| 或
\ 转义
$ 结尾
[A-Z] 26个大写字母
[a-z] 26个小写字母
[0-9] 0至9数字
[A-Za-z0-9] 26个大写字母、26个小写字母和0至9数字
, 分割
分割语法:
[A,H,T,W] 包含A或H或T或W字母
[a,h,t,w] 包含a或h或t或w字母
[0,3,6,8] 包含0或3或6或8数字
语法与释义:
基础语法 "^([]{})([]{})([]{})$"
正则字符串 = "开始([包含内容]{长度})([包含内容]{长度})([包含内容]{长度})结束"
?,*,+,\d,\w 这些都是简写的,完全可以用[]和{}代替,在(?:)(?=)(?!)(?
初学者可以忽略?,*,+,\d,\w一些简写标示符,学会了基础使用再按表自己去等价替换
实例:
字符串;tel:086-0666-88810009999
原始正则:"^tel:[0-9]{1,3}-[0][0-9]{2,3}-[0-9]{8,11}$"
速记理解:开始 "tel:普通文本"[0-9数字]{1至3位}"-普通文本"[0数字][0-9数字]{2至3位}"-普通文本"[0-9数字]{8至11位} 结束"
等价简写后正则写法:"^tel:\d{1,3}-[0]\d{2,3}-\d{8,11}$",简写语法不是所有语言都支持。
常用的正则表达式
intege:"^-?[1-9]\\d*$", //整数 intege1:"^[1-9]\\d*$", //正整数 intege2:"^-[1-9]\\d*$", //负整数 num:"^([+-]?)\\d*\\.?\\d+$", //数字 num1:"^[1-9]\\d*|0$", //正数(正整数 + 0) num2:"^-[1-9]\\d*|0$", //负数(负整数 + 0) decmal:"^([+-]?)\\d*\\.\\d+$", //浮点数 decmal1:"^[1-9]\\d*.\\d*|0.\\d*[1-9]\\d*$", //正浮点数 decmal2:"^-([1-9]\\d*.\\d*|0.\\d*[1-9]\\d*)$", //负浮点数 decmal3:"^-?([1-9]\\d*.\\d*|0.\\d*[1-9]\\d*|0?.0+|0)$", //浮点数 decmal4:"^[1-9]\\d*.\\d*|0.\\d*[1-9]\\d*|0?.0+|0$", //非负浮点数(正浮点数 + 0) decmal5:"^(-([1-9]\\d*.\\d*|0.\\d*[1-9]\\d*))|0?.0+|0$", //非正浮点数(负浮点数 + 0) email:"^\\w+((-\\w+)|(\\.\\w+))*\\@[A-Za-z0-9]+((\\.|-)[A-Za-z0-9]+)*\\.[A-Za-z0-9]+$", //邮件 color:"^[a-fA-F0-9]{6}$", //颜色 url:"^http[s]?:\\/\\/([\\w-]+\\.)+[\\w-]+([\\w-./?%&=]*)?$", //url chinese:"^[\\u4E00-\\u9FA5\\uF900-\\uFA2D]+$", //仅中文 ascii:"^[\\x00-\\xFF]+$", //仅ACSII字符 zipcode:"^\\d{6}$", //邮编 mobile:"^(13|15)[0-9]{9}$", //手机 ip4:"^(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\\d|[0-1]\\d{2}|[1-9]?\\d)\\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\\d|[0-1]\\d{2}|[1-9]?\\d)\\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\\d|[0-1]\\d{2}|[1-9]?\\d)\\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\\d|[0-1]\\d{2}|[1-9]?\\d)$", //ip地址 notempty:"^\\S+$", //非空 picture:"(.*)\\.(jpg|bmp|gif|ico|pcx|jpeg|tif|png|raw|tga)$", //图片 rar:"(.*)\\.(rar|zip|7zip|tgz)$", //压缩文件 date:"^\\d{4}(\\-|\\/|\.)\\d{1,2}\\1\\d{1,2}$", //日期 qq:"^[1-9]*[1-9][0-9]*$", //QQ号码 tel:"^(([0\\+]\\d{2,3}-)?(0\\d{2,3})-)?(\\d{7,8})(-(\\d{3,}))?$", //电话号码的函数(包括验证国内区号,国际区号,分机号) username:"^\\w+$", //用来用户注册。匹配由数字、26个英文字母或者下划线组成的字符串 letter:"^[A-Za-z]+$", //字母 letter_u:"^[A-Z]+$", //大写字母 letter_l:"^[a-z]+$", //小写字母 idcard:"^[1-9]([0-9]{14}|[0-9]{17})$" //身份证

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