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淘宝的flexible适配方案为什么只对iOS进行dpr判断,对于Android始终认为其dpr为1?

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-07 08:42:582336browse

<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">scale</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">isAndroid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">win</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">navigator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">appVersion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">match</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/android/gi</span><span class="p">);</span>
        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">isIPhone</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">win</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">navigator</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">appVersion</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">match</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sr">/iphone/gi</span><span class="p">);</span>
        <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">win</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">isIPhone</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
            <span class="c1">// iOS下,对于2和3的屏,用2倍的方案,其余的用1倍方案</span>
            <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="p">{</span>                
                <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span>
            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)){</span>
                <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
            <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
                <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
            <span class="p">}</span>
        <span class="p">}</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">{</span>
            <span class="c1">// 其他设备下,仍旧使用1倍的方案</span>
            <span class="nx">dpr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
        <span class="p">}</span>
        <span class="nx">scale</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="nx">dpr</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="p">}</span>

回复内容:

能提出这个问题,想必你也是看过Android & iOS设计尺寸规范 相关的东西,如果没有这张图很很不错:


淘宝的flexible适配方案为什么只对iOS进行dpr判断,对于Android始终认为其dpr为1?

第三代iPad发布会上,苹果给出了Retina设计标准的公式: 淘宝的flexible适配方案为什么只对iOS进行dpr判断,对于Android始终认为其dpr为1?其中 a代表人眼视角,h 代表像素间距,d代表肉眼与屏幕的距离。符合以上条件的屏幕可以使肉眼看不见单个物理像素点。这样的IPS屏幕就可被苹果称作“Retina显示屏”。将通常使用距离代入上公式可知:行动电话显示器的像素密度达到或高于300ppi就不会再出现颗粒感;手持平板类电器显示器的像素密度达到或高于260ppi就不会再出现颗粒感,而苹果电脑的Retina显示器像素密度只要超过200ppi就无法区分出单独的像素。

说多了......
(以下忽略低端机)
iPhone4, 4s, 5, 5s, 6, 6+, 6s, 6s+ 都是用的是Retina屏,其中4, 4s, 5, 5s, 6, 6s的ppi都是326,dpr都是2,6+和6s+ppi是441,dpr是3。在ipad上同样只有dpr2和3两种的屏幕。
再来看看安卓的吧,算了,我不想看dpr=1,1.5,1.75,2,2.5,3,4......
淘宝在设置initial-scale(屏幕缩放比)的同时使用的是rem的方式设置各种尺寸大小
<code class="language-html"><span class="nt"><meta> <span class="na">name=</span><span class="s">"viewport"</span> <span class="na">content=</span><span class="s">"width=divece-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=no"</span><span class="nt">/></span>
</span></code>
因为Android设备的兼容问题太过复杂,Android Pad 和 中兴 等国产 Android 机有很多奇葩的BUG,比如:
  • viewport content 的写法要兼容各种奇葩 Android 设备,兼容测试的成本很高
  • 部分机型修改viewport之后产生屏幕抖动
  • 部分机型 WebView Width 与屏幕实际宽度不一致
  • 还有很多无法预料到的奇葩BUG存在
故统一对 Android 设备进行 dpr = 1 处理。

同时 flexible 是 2014年5月诞生的,国内的大前端对于移动端的经验还不算成熟,而手机淘宝能有这种思路,已经是非常厉害的一个方案!

顺便说点不相关的:
  1. 上述的几个小点的问题,后来阿里也有别的同学解决了,但方案并未开源
  2. 我们团队的方案是不对 viewport 进行缩放处理,仅根据 width 在 html 添加 font-size
  3. 对于1px 边框的处理是进行特性检查,对于支持的容器直接就写 border-width:0.5px
<code class="language-js"><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">window</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nx">devicePixelRatio</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">docElem</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">documentElement</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">testElem</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createElement</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'div'</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">fakeBody</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">createElement</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'body'</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">refNode</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">docElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">firstElementChild</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nx">docElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">firstChild</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="nx">testElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">style</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">border</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'.5px solid transparent'</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="nx">fakeBody</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">appendChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">testElem</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="nx">docElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">insertBefore</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">fakeBody</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">refNode</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">testElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">offsetHeight</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
        <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">querySelector</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'html'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">classList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'hairlines'</span><span class="p">);</span>
    <span class="p">}</span>
    <span class="nx">docElem</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">removeChild</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">fakeBody</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code>
issue中有人提过这个问题 一些安卓厂商给定的dpr值并不准确
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