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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP一个文件显示多个不同页面是什么机制?

从ASP转学PHP,经常看到一个PHP文件例如“index.php”能显示很多不同的页面,本以为是通过if判断$_GET[]参数,或者是switch,但是通过查看index.php文件发现不是这个原理,请问这样的效果是如何实现的 ?
比如DISCUZ论坛很多页面都在是index.php文件里处理的....

能不能提供一个简单的源码学习?

谢谢各位解答

回复内容:

从ASP转学PHP,经常看到一个PHP文件例如“index.php”能显示很多不同的页面,本以为是通过if判断$_GET[]参数,或者是switch,但是通过查看index.php文件发现不是这个原理,请问这样的效果是如何实现的 ?
比如DISCUZ论坛很多页面都在是index.php文件里处理的....

能不能提供一个简单的源码学习?

谢谢各位解答

首先是Web服务器把不存在的路径转给index.php处理,比如Nginx:

<code>location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}
</code>

然后前端控制器index.php做URL路由分发,比如Symfony官方文档的前端控制器index.php示例:

<code>index.php //前端控制器(路由):
<?php // 加载并初始化任何全局库
require_once 'model.php'; //模型(CRUD)
require_once 'controllers.php'; //控制器(调用模型的CRUD函数,载入视图模板)
// 在内部路由用户的请求(用函数parse_url分析REQUEST_URI很方便)
$uri = parse_url($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], PHP_URL_PATH);
if ('/index.php' == $uri) {
    list_action();
} elseif ('/index.php/show' == $uri && isset($_GET['id'])) {
    show_action($_GET['id']);
} else {
    header('Status: 404 Not Found');
    echo '页面未找到';
}

controllers.php //控制器(调用模型,载入视图)
<?php
function list_action() {
    $posts = get_all_posts(); // 模型model.php里的函数
    require 'templates/list.php'; // 视图
}
function show_action($id) {
    $post = get_post_by_id($id); // 模型model.php里的函数
    require 'templates/show.php'; // 视图
}
</code></code>

Discuz!有些页面用的是页面控制器,而不是前端控制器,viewthread.php就是一个页面控制器.页面控制器+common.php结合也是一个不错方法,这样浏览器就能直接访问页面控制器,而不需要经过前端控制器进行路由.

这是“单入口”的做法,现在一般的框架都这么做。其实你想的没错,代码跟进去会发现里面确实是类似switch路由分发处理的。

php框架目前都喜欢使用单入口模式 通过路由分到不同控制器 易于框架管理
php单一入口模式详细讲解

如果没有其他参数的话,根据我的猜测,有几个可能。一是 ajax 。二是嵌入了 frame 。还有可能页面本身就有很多内容,只是有些前段暂时隐藏了。

路由分发实现 iframe嵌套 include引入

这实际上是设计导致的,单入口模式。

index.php 一定包含了其他文件,通过路由分发到不同的页面,再执行不同的逻辑后使用页面渲染。

这些都是入口统一,然后通过钩子调用不同的应用,MVC模式的分层结构。架构交流群:231566327

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