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drupal7中基本的数据库操作实例详解

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Jun 03, 2017 am 09:52 AM

drupal是用数据库来存网站内容的，不像静态页那样直接是html文件，Drupal 7 数据库API增加了一些新的功能让语法更加清晰，使用也更加方便。它还能使用查询生成器来构造查询对象的能力，无需在代码中写原始的SQL语句，一是提高了代码可阅读性，二是兼容所有数据库。下面就列罗出一些经常使用的技巧，可能不够全面，还请大家多多补充。

1．单表查询（最基本使用方法）

2．条件查询（condition）

<?php $result = db_select('node', 'n') ->fields('n') ->condition('nid', 5,'=') //nid等于5的条件 ->condition('status', 0,'>') // 状态大于0,也就是为真等于1 ->condition('uid', array(1,5,7),'IN') //使用IN操作，当然还可以使用 NOT IN ->execute() ->fetchAssoc(); ?>

3．联合查询（Join）

<?php $query = db_select('field_data_field_slide','f'); //主表 $query->join('node', 'n', 'fa.entity_id = n.nid'); // 联合node表,条件是nid $query->condition('f.field_slide_channel_tid',$chanid,'='); $query->condition('n.status','1','='); //发布状态 $query->fields('n',array('nid')); //查询nid $query->orderBy('n.nid','DESC'); //排序条件 $query->range(0,4); //取得4条数据 $result = $query->execute(); ?>

4.添加字段（addField）

<?php $query = db_select('taxonomy_term_hierarchy','h'); //选择表 $query->join('taxonomy_term_data','d','h.tid = d.tid'); // 联合查询 $query->addField('d', 'tid'); // 添加字段 $query->condition('h.parent',0); // 添加条件where $query->condition('d.vid',$vid); // 再添加一个条件 and .... $query->addTag('ditusearch_generate_path'); // 添加Tag 可选项，这个就是方便其他地方可以改变这个查询$query 比如如果添加了tag 可以使用 hook_query_alter 对其进行查询如果你使用过views开发，views 也可以了类似的hook $tid = $query->execute()->fetchCol(); ?>

5.分页使用（pager）

6.多表联合分页

<?php $query = db_select('field_data_field_news','fa')->extend('PagerDefault'); //多表联合查询extend条件必须放在db_select之后 $query->join('node','n','fa.entity_id = n.nid'); $query->join('field_data_field_news_date_sort', 'fb', 'fa.entity_id = fb.entity_id'); $query->fields('n', array('nid','title')); $query->condition('fa.field_news_classify_tid',$tids,'in'); $query->condition('n.type','news','='); $query->condition('n.status','1','='); $query->orderBy('fb.field_news_date_sort_value','DESC'); $query->limit(14); $result = $query->execute(); ?>

 

function _module_name_autocomplete($string) { $matches = array(); // Some fantasy DB table which holds cities $query = db_select('cities', 'c'); // Select rows that match the string $return = $query ->fields('c', array('city')) ->condition('c.city', '%' . db_like($string) . '%', 'LIKE') ->range(0, 10) ->execute(); // add matches to $matches foreach ($return as $row) { $matches[$row->city] = check_plain($row->city); } // return for JS drupal_json_output($matches); //--json格式返回 }

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