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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialmysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

  1. 一直有一个问题,就是PHP用mysqli还是pdo,查询出来的结果都是int类型的数据会自动变成string类型,PHP本身弱类型。但是现在写api,直接从数据库里查出来的结果,然后json_encode 返回给客户端是不行的。java 和 oc 都是强类型 数字就是数字,字符串就是字符串。123 != "123"

这个是程序代码,用的mysqli类
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

这个是表结构
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

这个是查询 出来的结果
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

  1. google 了好多说法,pdo倒是有解决的方法pdo查询int转换成string的问题。但是mysqli没找到,而且不知道这个究竟是什么问题。或者是有没有一些现成的类库,可以自动转换的。

回复内容:

  1. 一直有一个问题,就是PHP用mysqli还是pdo,查询出来的结果都是int类型的数据会自动变成string类型,PHP本身弱类型。但是现在写api,直接从数据库里查出来的结果,然后json_encode 返回给客户端是不行的。java 和 oc 都是强类型 数字就是数字,字符串就是字符串。123 != "123"

这个是程序代码,用的mysqli类
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

这个是表结构
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

这个是查询 出来的结果
mysqli 和 pdo 查询出来的类型转换

  1. google 了好多说法,pdo倒是有解决的方法pdo查询int转换成string的问题。但是mysqli没找到,而且不知道这个究竟是什么问题。或者是有没有一些现成的类库,可以自动转换的。

关闭模拟预处理时,能保持数据类型,但某些类型,输出的数据跟数据库里的值不一致:
比如float(9,2)类型的字段,字段内容为32.10,PDO关闭模拟预处理时读到的值为32.099998474121,类型为float.
也就是说开启PDO模拟预处理(默认),返回的数据类型都是string,值跟数据库存储的内容一致.
MySQL服务器没有使用预处理时,返回的是string类型的数据.

MySQLi不使用prepare查询返回的字段类型全部是string,值跟数据库存储的内容一致.
使用prepare时跟pdo_mysql关闭模拟预处理一样,返回对应类型的数据(decimal类型依旧是字符串),而且float类型的值也存在不一致.

所以,数据库中带有小数点的数据,建议使用字符串类型或decimal类型保存.

类型转换:
settype($foo, "array");
settype($foo, "bool");
settype($foo, "boolean");
settype($foo, "float");
settype($foo, "int");
settype($foo, "integer");
settype($foo, "null");
settype($foo, "object");
settype($foo, "string");
$foo = (array)$foo;
$foo = (b)$foo; // from PHP 5.2.1
$foo = (binary)$foo; // from PHP 5.2.1
$foo = (bool)$foo;
$foo = (boolean)$foo;
$foo = (double)$foo;
$foo = (float)$foo;
$foo = (int)$foo;
$foo = (integer)$foo;
$foo = (object)$foo;
$foo = (real)$foo;
$foo = (string)$foo;

可以用mysqli_result对象的fetch_field方法来获得字段的元数据。参见:PHP: mysqli_result::fetch_field - Manual。

相关方法还有fetch_fieldsfetch_field_direct

给个示例吧:

<code>//获取到$result之后
$types = array();
while ( $finfo = $result->fetch_field() ) {
    if ( in_array( $finfo->type, array(
        MYSQLI_TYPE_BIT,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_TINY,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_SHORT,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_LONG,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_LONGLONG,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_INT24
    ) ) {
        $type = 'int';
    } else if ( in_array( $finfo->type, array( 
        MYSQLI_TYPE_FLOAT,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_DOUBLE,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_DECIMAL,
        MYSQLI_TYPE_NEWDECIMAL
     ) ) {
         $type = 'float';
     } else {
         //其他需要转换的类型请自行研究
         //类型常量请参见http://php.net/manual/zh/mysqli.constants.php,MYSQLI_TYPE开头的那些就是
         $type = 'string';
     }
     $types[$finfo->name] = $type;
}

$result = $result->fetch_assoc();

foreach ( $result as $name => &$value ) {
    settype($value, $types[$name]);
}

//现在$result里的数据类型已经符合要求了</code>
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