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如题,想弄清楚一点YII2中的model和activeRecord的具体作用和区别...由于之前用TP的,惯性觉得model用来操作数据库进行CRUD

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如题,想弄清楚一点YII2中的model和activeRecord的具体作用和区别...由于之前用TP的,惯性觉得model用来操作数据库进行CRUD

一.Model:
models 是mvc中的一部分,是代表业务数据,规则和逻辑的对象.
Model 类也是更多高级模型如Active Record 活动记录的基类
默认情况下,模型是直接从yii\base\Model继承。
才疏学浅,我就以我实际开发中遇到的场景来解释一下。
我举个实际的例子吧,比如进入系统之前的第一步是登录页面,要求用户输入用户名,密码。
用户在输入用户名和密码之后,我们会对用户名和密码进行校验。
则这时候我们需要一个LoginForm模型,它有两个属性:username,password。
我们看model代码:

<code>namespace app\models;

use yii\base\Model;

class LoginForm extends Model
{
    public $username;
    public $password;

    public function rules() {
        // 这里写你的验证规则
        [['username', 'password'], 'required'],
        // password is validated by validatePassword()
        ['password', 'checkPassword'], // 验证密码
    }

    // 这里写你验证密码的逻辑
    public function checkPassword($attribute,$params) 
    {
        // ......
    }

    // 这里写登录的逻辑
    public function login()
    {
        // ......
    }
}
</code>

我们看controller代码:

<code>namespace app\controllers;
use Yii;
use yii\web\Controller;

class SiteController extends Controller
{
    // ...
    public function actionLogin()
    {
        $model = new LoginForm();
        // 根据用户在登录表单的输入来做判断
        if ($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->login()) {
            return $this->goBack();
        }
    }
}
</code>

二.AR类
来看看yii手册上的文字描述:
Active Record (活动记录,以下简称AR)提供了一个面向对象的接口, 用以访问数据库中的数据。一个 AR 类关联一张数据表, 每个 AR 对象对应表中的一行,对象的属性(即 AR 的特性Attribute)映射到数据行的对应列。 一条活动记录(AR对象)对应数据表的一行,AR对象的属性则映射该行的相应列

AR类究竟跟model有什么关系?我们从代码上看:
打开 yii\db\ActiveRecord.php:

<code>class ActiveRecord extends BaseActiveRecord
{

}
</code>

我们发现ActiveRecord继承BaseActiveRecord,再打开yii\db\BaseActiveRecord.php:

<code>abstract class BaseActiveRecord extends Model implements ActiveRecordInterface
{
}
</code>

可以看出继承了Model类.

追踪一下源代码吧,会发现它们之间的关系的

ActiveRecord 继承自 Model 提供数据操作。

ActiveRecord数据库的对象映射的一种方法,是把数据库表映射到程序中对象的一种设计思路。
Model则是数据模型操作的概括。

ActiveRecord可以理解为操作数据库的一种手段(当然还有其他的手段,比如直接的SQL查询等等)。而Model应该理解为我们需要进行那些操作,就把这些操作写在Model里。

大多数框架喜欢将这两个东西融合在一个对象中,所以理解起来会有一些混淆。其实ActiveRecord更多使用的是对象的属性参数(因为要对数据库映射来的数据进行存储),而Model更多的提现在对象的方法上(操作方法也就是具体如何操作数据的流程)。

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