Heim >Datenbank >MySQL-Tutorial >SQLServer资源调控器
很早之前就有朋友问过我,能否按业务的优先等级分配SQLServer的资源,使得不同的应用能得到不同的响应,SQLServer2008之前对这个需求貌似没有什么 解决方法,不过从SQLServer2008开始,这个需求就变得很简单了,SQLServer直接就为我们提供了按用户的要求分配
很早之前就有朋友问过我,能否按业务的优先等级分配SQLServer的资源,使得不同的应用能得到不同的响应,SQLServer2008之前对这个需求貌似没有什么
解决方法,不过从SQLServer2008开始,这个需求就变得很简单了,SQLServer直接就为我们提供了按用户的要求分配资源的能力,下面我们就来介绍这个功能。
SQLServer资源调控器分成三个部分:资源池、负载组和分类器函数;资源池为我们提供了将资源(CPU、Memory等)划分到不同的载体中,负载组承载负载并
将这些负载映射到资源池,分类器函数将不同的会话映射到不同的负载组中。
资源池:
08提供了两种预先定义好的资源池
内部池:内部池只用于SQLServer数据库引擎,系统管理员不能改变和设置;
默认池:默认池用于没有分配资源池的各种负载,因此,如果你不指定资源调控器,全部负载将使用默认池。默认池也不能改变或删除,但是可以修改它的资源上
下限。
资源池上下限要求:
各个资源池的下限之和不能超过100%,因为SQLServer会尽力满足每个下限;
上限可以设置为下限和100%之间的任意值。
以下是关于资源池的基本操作:
<span>--</span><span>创建资源池<br> </span><span>Create</span> Resource Pool UserQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>100</span><span>) </span><span>--</span><span>删除资源池<br></span><span>drop</span> Resource Pool UserQueries
负载组:
负载组可以让管理员轻松地监控资源使用情况,在不同的资源池之间移动某类负载。
负载组被映射到资源池上,一个资源池可以有零个或更多负载组,一个负载组为一组用户会话提供一个桶。
<span>--</span><span>创建负载组</span> <span>Create</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span><span> DailyExecReports USING UserQueries; </span><span>--</span><span>删除负载组</span> <span>drop</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span> DailyExecReports
分类器函数:
分类器函数将接入的会话分类,并为会话的请求和查询分配一个负载组。你可以根据连接串中的任意属性(IP地址/应用程序名、用户名等)分别分配组。
按以下条件分配组:
<span>--</span><span>创建资源池</span> <span>Create</span> Resource Pool AdminQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>100</span><span>) </span><span>Create</span> Resource Pool UserQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>100</span><span>) </span><span>--</span><span>创建负载组</span> <span>Create</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span><span> NightlyMaintenanceTasks USING AdminQueries; </span><span>Create</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span><span> AdhocAdmin USING AdminQueries; </span><span>Create</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span><span> SAPUsers USING UserQueries; </span><span>Create</span> WorkLoad <span>Group</span><span> DailyExecReports USING UserQueries; </span><span>--</span><span>创建分类器函数</span> <span>USE</span><span> master </span><span>GO</span> <span>create</span> <span>FUNCTION</span><span> class_func_1() </span><span>Returns</span> sysname <span>with</span><span> schemabinding </span><span>begin</span> <span>Declare</span> <span>@val</span><span> sysname </span><span>--</span><span>Handle workload groups defined by login names</span> <span>IF</span> <span>SUSER_SNAME</span>()<span>=</span><span>'</span><span>SAP_Login</span><span>'</span> <span>begin</span> <span>SET</span> <span>@val</span><span>=</span><span>'</span><span>SAPUsers</span><span>'</span><span>; </span><span>Return</span> <span>@val</span><span>; </span><span>end</span> <span>IF</span> <span>APP_NAME</span>() <span>like</span> <span>'</span><span>Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio%</span><span>'</span> <span>begin</span> <span>Set</span> <span>@val</span><span>=</span><span>'</span><span>AdhocAdmin</span><span>'</span><span>; </span><span>Return</span> <span>@val</span><span>; </span><span>end</span> <span>IF</span> <span>IS_MEMBER</span>(<span>'</span><span>ReportUsers</span><span>'</span>)<span>=</span><span>1</span> <span>begin</span> <span>Set</span> <span>@val</span><span>=</span><span>'</span><span>DailyExecReports</span><span>'</span><span>; </span><span>Return</span> <span>@val</span><span>; </span><span>end</span> <span>IF</span> CONNECTIONPROPERTY(<span>'</span><span>net_transport</span><span>'</span>)<span>=</span><span>'</span><span>Shared memory</span><span>'</span> <span>and</span> <span>IS_MEMBER</span>(<span>'</span><span>NightlyAdmin</span><span>'</span>)<span>=</span><span>1</span> <span>begin</span> <span>Set</span> <span>@val</span><span>=</span><span>'</span><span>NightlyMaintenanceTasks</span><span>'</span><span>; </span><span>Return</span> <span>@val</span><span>; </span><span>end</span> <span>Return</span> <span>@val</span><span>; </span><span>end</span>
绑定分类器函数:
<span>--</span><span>将分类器函数绑定到资源调控器上</span> <span>Alter</span> Resource Governor <span>With</span>(Classifier_Function<span>=</span>dbo.class_func_1);
启用和禁用分类器函数:
<span>--</span><span>启用</span> <span>ALter</span> Resource Governor <span>Reconfigure</span><span>; </span><span>--</span><span>禁用</span> <span>ALTER</span> RESOURCE GOVERNOR DISABLE;
测试:
现在我们分别使用SAP_Login和sysadmin用户调用此脚本
<span>--</span><span>测试脚本(分别使用SAP_Login和sysadmin用户调用此脚本)</span> <span>set</span> nocount <span>on</span> <span>Declare</span> <span>@i</span> <span>int</span><span>=</span><span>100000000</span><span>; </span><span>Declare</span> <span>@s</span> <span>varchar</span>(<span>100</span>),<span>@count</span> <span>int</span><span>; </span><span>While</span> <span>@i</span><span>></span><span>0</span> <span>begin</span> <span>Select</span> <span>@s</span><span>=</span><span>@@VERSION</span><span>; </span><span>select</span> <span>@count</span><span>=</span><span>COUNT</span>(<span>0</span>) <span>from</span><span> sys.sysobjects </span><span>set</span> <span>@i</span><span>=</span><span>@i</span><span>-</span><span>1</span><span>; </span><span>end</span>
通过性能计数器查看资源分配:
我们可以选择性能计数器的资源统计:SQL Server:Resource Pools Stats;
我们先将资源池按一比一的比例分配:
<span>Create</span> Resource Pool AdminQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>100</span><span>) </span><span>Create</span> Resource Pool UserQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>100</span>)
运行测试脚本,显示的CPU利用率图如下
现在将资源分配做如下调整:
<span>Create</span> Resource Pool AdminQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>10</span><span>) </span><span>Create</span> Resource Pool UserQueries <span>with</span>(max_cpu_percent<span>=</span><span>90</span>)
再次运行测试脚本,显示的CPU利用率图如下
可以看到,当我们调整资源后,两个Session中运行同样的脚本,它们所使用的资源差别很大,这样就达到了根据不同的应用分配不同的资源的目的。
DMV查看资源池:
<span>--</span><span>查看Session所在的资源池</span> <span>select</span><span> s.session_id,s.login_name ,s.program_name,s.group_id,g.name </span><span>from</span><span> sys.dm_exec_sessions s </span><span>join</span><span> sys.dm_resource_governor_workload_groups g </span><span>on</span> s.group_id<span>=</span><span>g.group_id </span><span>where</span> session_id<span>></span><span>50</span>
<span>--</span><span>查看资源池情况</span> <span>select</span> <span>*</span> <span>from</span> sys.dm_resource_governor_resource_pools
可以看到,我们创建的两个资源池(还有两个是系统资源池和默认资源池),而且不同的Session对应到了不同的资源池中。